Internationalization in PHP

PHP is a widely used open source scripting language, especially in the field of web development. In today's era of globalization, websites or applications often need to support multiple languages ​​to meet the needs of users in different countries or regions. Therefore, it is extremely important to introduce internationalization processing in PHP.

This article will introduce how to perform internationalization processing in PHP, including character encoding, date, time and currency.

1. Character encoding processing

Character encoding is a method of encoding characters in a character set into a binary sequence. In web development, UTF-8 encoding is often used because it contains a rich character set and supports multiple languages. In PHP, we can handle character encoding in the following ways:

1. String conversion

Typically, strings from user input or external data sources may Various character encodings exist. If we want to process it in the program, we can use extension libraries such as iconv or mbstring to convert the string into the required encoding format.

For example, convert UTF-8 encoding format to GBK format:

$str = "PHP字符编码处理";
$str = iconv("UTF-8", "GBK//TRANSLIT", $str);
echo $str; // 输出: PHP字符编码处理

2. HTML output

In PHP, we can use the header function setting The character encoding of the HTML document. At the same time, we can also use the htmlentities function to convert special characters into HTML entities to prevent XSS attacks.

For example, set the HTML encoding format to UTF-8 and perform HTML entity conversion:

header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8');
$str = "PHP字符编码处理";
echo htmlentities($str, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8'); // 输出: PHP字符编码处理

2. Date and time processing

In internationalization processing, date and time Usually it needs to be displayed according to different regions and languages. In PHP, we can use strftime function to format date and time.

For example, format the timestamp as a Chinese date and time:

setlocale(LC_TIME, 'zh_CN.UTF-8');
echo strftime('%Y年%m月%d日 %H:%M:%S', time()); // 输出: 2021年08月15日 14:40:00

3. Currency processing

Currencies may have different symbols and values ​​in different countries and regions Format. In PHP, we can use the number_format function to format currencies and the setlocale function to set localization information.

For example, convert numbers to localized currency format:

setlocale(LC_MONETARY, 'zh_CN.UTF-8');
$money = 12345.6789;
echo money_format('%i', $money); // 输出: CN¥12,345.68

Conclusion

Through the introduction of this article, we have learned about the relevant knowledge of internationalization processing in PHP, including characters Handling of encodings, datetimes, and currencies. This knowledge will be very useful if we want to develop web applications across regions and languages. Of course, this article only introduces part of the content. There are more international processing methods and techniques in PHP. You are welcome to continue to pay attention and learn.

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