Viewpoint丨The development of artificial intelligence must take into account the bottom line of safety and the awareness of catching up

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■ China Economic Times reporters Lin Chunxia Zhao Shan

On May 18, the 7th World Intelligence Conference kicked off in Tianjin. A number of products representing the world's most cutting-edge technology and creativity, such as AI chess-playing robots, brain-controlled wheelchairs, and smart handmade coffee machines, were unveiled one after another. This is one of the highlights of this smart conference.

With the emergence of generative artificial intelligence services, the authenticity of data is facing unprecedented challenges. On the premise of paying attention to data security and technical security, experts also called for the new opportunities for global artificial intelligence development to be firmly grasped, to increase the research and development layout of basic artificial intelligence theories and cutting-edge technologies, and to create a number of artificial intelligence regional highlands and basic platforms. Deepen the integration of industry, academia, research and application, and promote artificial intelligence to empower economic and social development.

Look for the gap and catch up

Jiang Qiping, director of the Information Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with a reporter from China Economic Times that from a professional and technical perspective, especially the rapid advancement of large language model technology represented by ChatGPT, is driving the rise of this wave of artificial intelligence. "This is both an opportunity and a challenge for us." He believes that our country needs to make great efforts to invest manpower, material and financial resources to make up for the gap in artificial intelligence technology level.

Ouyang Rihui, deputy director of the China Internet Economic Research Institute at the Central University of Finance and Economics, told a China Economic Times reporter that my country’s outstanding performance in the field of artificial intelligence is the number of papers and patents. Judging from the number of academic papers published and the citation index of papers, in recent years, my country has ranked second in the world as a whole, and the gap with the United States is narrowing, but there are still obvious gaps in some important aspects.

Li Guangqian, a researcher at the Information Center of the Development Research Center of the State Council, emphasized to a reporter from the China Economic Times that my country’s artificial intelligence currently has no problems in theoretical research, chip design, and industry applications. The biggest problem is the “stuck neck” in high-end chip manufacturing. This is also the most critical link in the entire construction of Digital China. "This is a problem that we need to make great efforts to overcome."

Must have a sense of urgency and awareness of catching up

In recent years, my country's artificial intelligence has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results in empowering the economy and society. The scale of the core artificial intelligence industry exceeds 500 billion yuan, and there are more than 4,200 representative companies. However, the interviewed experts believe that in the current important stage of artificial intelligence moving from big data to large models, we must have a sense of urgency and awareness of catching up, and make a new strategic layout.

Jiang Qiping believes that on the one hand, we must keep up with the world trend, not fall behind, let alone give up, and make breakthroughs in basic technology. Because the breakthrough in the basic theoretical level is a sign that the entire artificial intelligence ideas and routes have entered a new era. On the other hand, it is necessary to consolidate the infrastructure of the digital society and make a new strategic layout for the digital society, which must be paid attention to by the government, industry, enterprises, and the market.

In addition, Jiang Qiping emphasized that we must also have the awareness to catch up and take advantage of China's huge market, gradually accumulate technology and achieve transcendence in the context of Chinese modernization. "If you want to overtake in a corner, on the one hand, you must fight hard on the technology platform and catch up; on the other hand, you must give full play to the strengths of your huge application market, especially the platform and value-added applications must be closely integrated, and strive to give full play to your own advantages." Jiang Qiping said.

Ouyang Rihui believes that in terms of deepening the integration of industry, academia, research and application, scientific researchers in universities and scientific research institutes must truly regard enterprises as the main body of technological innovation. The training of artificial intelligence talents in colleges and universities adheres to the basic principles of "demand-oriented, application-driven", "project-driven, diversified support" and "cross-border integration, precise training", and explores a problem-oriented interdisciplinary talent training model.

Promoting Artificial Intelligence Safety

Regarding the new data leakage and abuse risks brought by generative artificial intelligence technology, Liu Shen, an assistant researcher at the Innovation and Development Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with a reporter from China Economic Times that generative artificial intelligence will effectively improve human work efficiency. Take ChatGPT as an example. This technology has strong text generation and code writing capabilities. It has been applied to some tasks that could not be replaced by machines before. It has spawned a series of tasks such as automatically generating computer code, meeting records, paper abstracts, and litigation. Documentation and other application innovations. Generative artificial intelligence will also have an impact on the existing governance system. This technology lowers the threshold for counterfeiting and fraud, and may also cause issues such as copyright disputes, privacy violations, and data leaks.

As generative artificial intelligence has become a global craze, many Chinese companies have accelerated core technology research and development and actively laid out intelligent "new tracks." Creating an innovation ecosystem and paying attention to risk prevention are also becoming the consensus for the development of artificial intelligence in our country.

Liu Shen said that artificial intelligence is still in a period of rapid technological development. Although the artificial intelligence industry chain composed of "upstream base model" and "downstream application model" has begun to take shape, the future industrial form is uncertain. Judging from the situation abroad, there is a consensus that "cannot see clearly" and "needs supervision" coexist. Liu Shen suggested that the first is to promote the formation of a governance model with multi-party cooperation and rapid response between the government, enterprises and society. The second is to strengthen research on fundamental issues such as technical standards, evaluation systems, and legal responsibilities related to artificial intelligence. The third is to actively participate in exchanges and cooperation on the international regulatory framework and technical standards for artificial intelligence.

Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integrated Innovation and Development Center of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said in an interview with a reporter from China Economic Times that generative artificial intelligence, as an important leap in the productivity revolution, will also allow data resources to release stronger data momentum. At the same time, what needs attention is that the latest productivity revolution has entered our production and life scenes in an all-round way in a penetrating mode. In the process of its deep integration with the existing production system, social operating mechanism and different cultural soils, There are multidimensional risks. In addition to the risks of data privacy, content copyright, and information cocooning that have been concerned in the past, generative artificial intelligence, as a universal and versatile technology, has formed an all-round penetration into the original social system and may trigger Systemic risks are still difficult to predict and predict.

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