How to install and configure centos7 mysql database

1. System environment

The system version after yum update upgrade is

[root@yl-web yl]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
centos linux release 7.1.1503 (core)

2. Mysql installation

Generally, the information given on the Internet is

#yum install mysql
#yum install mysql-server
#yum install mysql-devel

The installation of mysql and mysql-devel was successful, but the installation of mysql-server failed, as follows:

[root@yl-web yl]# yum install mysql-server
loaded plugins: fastestmirror
loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.sina.cn
 * extras: mirrors.sina.cn
 * updates: mirrors.sina.cn
no package mysql-server available.
error: nothing to do

After checking the information, it was found that the centos 7 version installed the mysql database The software is removed from the default program list and replaced by mariadb.

There are two solutions:

1. Method 1: Install mariadb

mariadb database management system is a branch of mysql, mainly open source It is maintained by the community and licensed under GPL. One of the reasons for developing this branch is that after Oracle acquired MySQL, there was a potential risk of closing MySQL as a source, so the community adopted a branch approach to avoid this risk. The purpose of mariadb is to be fully compatible with MySQL, including API and command line, making it an easy replacement for MySQL.

Install mariadb, size 59 m.

[root@yl-web yl]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb

The related command of mariadb database is:

systemctl start mariadb #启动mariadb

systemctl stop mariadb #停止mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb #重启mariadb

systemctl enable mariadb #设置开机启动

So start the database first

[root@yl-web yl]# systemctl start mariadb

Then you can use mysql normally

[root@yl-web yl]# mysql -u root -p
enter password: 
welcome to the mariadb monitor. commands end with ; or \g.
your mariadb connection id is 3
server version: 5.5.41-mariadb mariadb server

copyright (c) 2000, 2014, oracle, mariadb corporation ab and others.

type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mariadb [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database  |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql  |
| performance_schema |
| test  |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mariadb [(none)]>

Displayed after installing mariadb It's also mariadb [(none)]> , which may seem a bit unfamiliar. Here is the second method.

2. Method 2: Download and install mysql-server from the official website

# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server

Restart the mysql service after successful installation.

# service mysqld restart

When installing mysql for the first time, the root account does not have a password.

[root@yl-web yl]# mysql -u root 
welcome to the mysql monitor. commands end with ; or \g.
your mysql connection id is 3
server version: 5.6.26 mysql community server (gpl)

copyright (c) 2000, 2015, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved.

oracle is a registered trademark of oracle corporation and/or its
affiliates. other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

type 'help;' or '\h' for help. type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| database  |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql  |
| performance_schema |
| test  |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql>

Setting the password

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password');
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

does not require restarting the database to take effect.

In the mysql installation process, the following content is as follows:

installed:
 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7  mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7  
 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7   mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7  

dependency installed:
 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7          

replaced:
 mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0  mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0 
 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0

So after the installation is completed, mariadb will be automatically replaced and will no longer take effect.

[root@yl-web yl]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
[root@yl-web yl]#

3. Configure mysql

1. Encoding

Mysql configuration file is/etc/my.cnf

Add at the end Encoding configuration

[mysql]
default-character-set =utf8

The character encoding here must be consistent with /usr/share/mysql/charsets/index.xml.

2. Remote connection settings

Assign all permissions of all tables in all databases to the root user located at all IP addresses.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%'identified by 'password';

If it is a new user instead of root, you must first create a new user

mysql>create user 'username'@'%' identified by 'password';

Then you can connect remotely.

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