Tips for implementing customized sharing functions in WeChat mini programs using PHP

With the popularity of WeChat mini programs, more and more developers are beginning to pay attention to the development skills and best practices of WeChat mini programs. One of the important features is the custom sharing function, because this helps improve the user experience and communication effect of the mini program. In this article, we will introduce how to use PHP to implement custom sharing functions in WeChat mini programs.

1. Sharing Principle of WeChat Mini Program

In WeChat Mini Program, the implementation principle of custom sharing function is similar to that of WeChat official account. When the user clicks the "Share" button, the mini program will send a request to the WeChat server to obtain the sharing information of the mini program page. The WeChat server will return a JSON data containing information such as sharing title, sharing description, sharing link, and sharing image, and the mini program will display this information in the pop-up sharing box.

2. Implementation steps of custom sharing information

1. Obtain access_token

Before using the custom sharing function, we need to obtain the access_token of the WeChat applet first. Is the token for accessing WeChat API. We can use the following code to obtain access_token:

$wx_appid = 'your_appid'; // 小程序的appid
$wx_appsecret = 'your_appsecret'; // 小程序的appsecret
$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid={$wx_appid}&secret={$wx_appsecret}";
$result = json_decode(file_get_contents($url), true);
$access_token = $result['access_token'];

2. Obtain jsapi_ticket

Obtaining jsapi_ticket is for the signature required when calling WeChat API later using JSSDK. We can use the following code to obtain jsapi_ticket:

$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/ticket/getticket?access_token={$access_token}&type=jsapi";
$result = json_decode(file_get_contents($url), true);
$jsapi_ticket = $result['ticket'];

3. Generate signature

In the mini program page, we need to use the JSSDK provided by WeChat to call the WeChat API. However, before using JSSDK, we need to generate a signature to verify the legitimacy of the caller. We can use the following code to generate a signature:

$noncestr = mt_rand(); // 生成随机字符串
$timestamp = time(); // 生成时间戳
$url = 'http://'.$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']; // 当前页面的URL
$string = "jsapi_ticket={$jsapi_ticket}&noncestr={$noncestr}&timestamp={$timestamp}&url={$url}";
$signature = sha1($string); // 生成签名

4. Set sharing information

Through the above steps, we have obtained the necessary information, and then we need to send the obtained information to the small Program client. We can use the following code to set up sharing information:

$share_info = array(
    'title' => 'your_share_title', // 分享标题
    'desc' => 'your_share_desc', // 分享描述
    'link' => 'your_share_link', // 分享链接
    'imgUrl' => 'your_share_imgurl', // 分享图片
);
$jsapi_config = array(
    'debug' => false, // 是否开启调试模式
    'appId' => $wx_appid, // 小程序的appid
    'timestamp' => $timestamp, // 时间戳
    'nonceStr' => $noncestr, // 随机字符串
    'signature' => $signature, // 签名
    'jsApiList' => array('onMenuShareAppMessage', 'onMenuShareTimeline', 'onMenuShareQQ', 'onMenuShareWeibo', 'onMenuShareQZone'), // 需要使用的微信API列表
);
$share_info_json = json_encode($share_info);
$jsapi_config_json = json_encode($jsapi_config);
echo "<script>var share_info = {$share_info_json}; var jsapi_config = {$jsapi_config_json};</script>";

5. Call JSSDK in the page

Finally, introduce the JSSDK library at the bottom of the page and call the JSSDK API in the appropriate place. We can use the following code to introduce the JSSDK library into the page:

<script src="https://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.1.0.js"></script>

Where we need to use the custom sharing function in the page, we can use the following code to call the WeChat API:

wx.config(jsapi_config); // 初始化JSSDK库
wx.ready(function () {
    // onMenuShareAppMessage：分享给好友
    wx.onMenuShareAppMessage({
        title: share_info.title,
        desc: share_info.desc,
        link: share_info.link,
        imgUrl: share_info.imgUrl,
        success: function () {
            // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
        },
        cancel: function () {
            // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
        }
    });

    // onMenuShareTimeline：分享到朋友圈
    wx.onMenuShareTimeline({
        title: share_info.title,
        link: share_info.link,
        imgUrl: share_info.imgUrl,
        success: function () {
            // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
        },
        cancel: function () {
            // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
        }
    });

    // onMenuShareQQ：分享到QQ
    wx.onMenuShareQQ({
        title: share_info.title,
        desc: share_info.desc,
        link: share_info.link,
        imgUrl: share_info.imgUrl,
        success: function () {
            // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
        },
        cancel: function () {
            // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
        }
    });

    // onMenuShareWeibo：分享到微博
    wx.onMenuShareWeibo({
        title: share_info.title,
        desc: share_info.desc,
        link: share_info.link,
        imgUrl: share_info.imgUrl,
        success: function () {
            // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
        },
        cancel: function () {
            // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
        }
    });

    // onMenuShareQZone：分享到QQ空间
    wx.onMenuShareQZone({
        title: share_info.title,
        desc: share_info.desc,
        link: share_info.link,
        imgUrl: share_info.imgUrl,
        success: function () {
            // 用户确认分享后执行的回调函数
        },
        cancel: function () {
            // 用户取消分享后执行的回调函数
        }
    });
});

3. Summary

To implement the custom sharing function in the WeChat applet, you need to go through the steps of obtaining access_token, jsapi_ticket and generating a signature, and finally call the API of JSSDK in the page to complete the sharing function. Although the implementation process is relatively cumbersome, you only need to add a piece of code to the mini program page to achieve a beautiful sharing function and improve user experience and communication effects.

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