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CSS中伪选择器的用法实例

Jun 01, 2016 am 09:53 AM
css Selector

一  :nth-child 伪选择器

我们知道在jquery中有一种选择器叫做“子类选择器”,对应的有:nth-child,:first-child,:last-child,:only-child,这在CSS中同样

可以办到,可以说一定程度上缓解了jquery的压力,下面简单举个例子。

<code class="html">

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <p> <style type="text/css">
ul li:nth-child(1) {
color: red;
}
</style>

</p>
<ul>
<li>1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
<li>6</li>
</ul>
</code>
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CSS中伪选择器的用法实例

可以看到,当我灌的是:nth-child(1)的时候,ul的第一个li的color已经变成red了,如果复杂一点的话,可以将1改成n,浏览器在解析css的伪类

选择器的时候,内部应该会调用相应的方法来解析到对应dom的节点,首先要明白n是从0,步长为1的递增,这个和jquery的nth-child类似,没

什么好说的,然后我们尝试下:first-child 和 last-child。

<code class="html">

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <p> <style type="text/css">
ul li:first-child {
color: red;
font-weight:800;
}</style></p> <p> ul li:last-child {
color: blue;
font-weight: 800;
}


</p>
<ul>
<li>1</li>
<li>2</li>
<li>3</li>
<li>4</li>
<li>5</li>
<li>6</li>
</ul>

</code>
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CSS中伪选择器的用法实例

 

二 :checked,:unchecked,:disabled,:enabled

同样在jquery中,有一组选择器叫做“表单对象属性“,我们可以看看jquery的在线文档。

同样我们很开心的发现,在css中也存在这些属性。。。是不是开始有点醉了。。。还是先睹为快。

1. disabled,enabled

<code class="html">


<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <p> <style type="text/css">
input[type='text']:enabled {
border: 1px solid red;
}</style></p> <p> input[type='text']:disabled {
border: 1px solid blue;
}
</p> <p>
</p>
<form>
<input type="text" disabled>
<input type="text">
</form>

</code>
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CSS伪选择器checked,:unchecked,:disabled,:enabled

 

2. checked,unchecked

<code class="html">


<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <p> <style type="text/css">
form input[type="radio"]:first-child:checked {
margin-left: 205px;
}
</style></p> <p>
</p>
<form>
<input class="test" type="radio" value="女"><span>女</span><br>
<input class="test" type="radio" value="男"><span>男</span> <p> </p>
</form>

</code>
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css伪类选择器checked,unchecked

 

3. selected

这个在css中虽然没有原装的,但是可以用option:checked来替代,比如下面这样。

<code class="html">


<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <style type="text/css">
option:checked {
color: red;
}
</style>

<form>
<select>
<option>1</option>
<option>2</option>
<option>3</option>
</select>
</form>

</code>
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css伪类选择器selected

 

三  empty伪选择器

这个选择器有点意思,在jquery中叫做”内容选择器“,就是用来寻找空元素的,如果玩转jquery的empty,这个也没有什么问题,

下面举个例子,让第一个空p的背景变色。

<code class="html">


<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title></title> <style type="text/css">
p:first-child{
width:500px;
height:20px;
}
p:empty {
background:red;
}
</style>

<p></p>
<p>他好</p>

</code>
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css empty伪选择器

 

四:not(xxx) 伪选择器

同样这个也是非常经典的not选择器,在jquery中叫做”基本选择器“,想起来了没有???

css not(xxx) 伪选择器

总的来说,当你看完上面这些,是不是觉得css3中已经融入了一些”脚本处理行为”,这种感觉就是那个css再也不是你曾今认识的那个css了。

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