File format conversion and parsing skills in Go language

With the development of science and technology, all kinds of data are generated in our lives. For example, various types of data such as text, images, audio, and video need to be converted and parsed. Among them, file format conversion and parsing are very common tasks in the work. In the Go language, there are some very practical techniques that can help us accomplish these tasks easily. In this article, we will discuss file format conversion and parsing techniques in Go language.

1. File format conversion

In the Go language, the most common method to achieve file format conversion is to use a third-party library. The following are several commonly used third-party libraries:

1. image (image processing library)

The image package in the Go language standard library provides support for images. It can be used to process pictures in PNG, JPEG, GIF and other formats. By using the image package, you can easily convert images from one format to another.

package main

import (

"image"
"image/png"
"os"

)

func main() {

// 打开PNG图片
pngFile, err := os.Open("test.png")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
defer pngFile.Close()
// 读取PNG图片
pngImg, err := png.Decode(pngFile)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
// 创建JPEG图片
jpegFile, err := os.Create("test.jpg")
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
defer jpegFile.Close()
// 写入JPEG图片
jpegImg := image.NewRGBA(pngImg.Bounds())
jpegImg.Draw(jpegImg.Bounds(), pngImg, image.ZP, draw.Src)
jpeg.Encode(jpegFile, jpegImg, &jpeg.Options{Quality: 80})

}

2. goavro (Avro data format conversion library)

Apache Avro is a data serialization system that can be used to support multiple data encoding formats, such as JSON, protobuf and Thrift. goavro is an Avro data format conversion library used in the Go language, which can be used to convert Avro format data into other formats.

package main

import (

"fmt"
"github.com/linkedin/goavro"

)

func main() {

// 定义Avro JSON字符串
json := []byte(`{"name": "foo","age": 20}`)
// 解析Avro JSON字符串
codec, err := goavro.NewCodec(`{"type":"record","name":"test","fields":[{"name":"name","type":"string"},{"name":"age","type":"int"}]}`)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
datum, _, err := codec.NativeFromTextual(json)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
// 将Avro结构转换为JSON
json, err = codec.TextualFromNative(nil, datum)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s

", json)
}

3. goyaml (YAML data format conversion library)

YAML is a simple data serialization language that can be used in a variety of applications. goyaml is a YAML data format conversion library for Go language, which can be used to convert YAML format data to other formats.

package main

import (

"fmt"
"github.com/go-yaml/yaml"
"os"

)

type Config struct {

Name string `yaml:"name"`
Age  int    `yaml:"age"`

}

func main() {

// 定义YAML字符串
yamlString := `
  name: foo
  age: 20
`
// 解析YAML字符串
var config Config
err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(yamlString), &config)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
// 将YAML结构转换为JSON
json, err := json.Marshal(config)
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s

", json)
}

2. File parsing

In the Go language, file parsing often requires the help of regular expressions, string operations and other techniques to parse. Here are a few common tips.

1. Regular Expressions (regexp package)

In the Go language, the regexp package provides support for regular expressions. It can be used to identify and extract patterns in text.

package main

import (

"fmt"
"regexp"

)

func main() {

// 定义正则表达式
re := regexp.MustCompile(`d+`)
// 匹配字符串
data := "1234 foo 5678 bar"
matches := re.FindAllString(data, -1)
// 输出匹配结果
for _, match := range matches {
    fmt.Println(match)
}

}

2. String operations (strings package)

In the Go language, the strings package provides support for strings. It can be used to search, extract and process strings.

package main

import (

"fmt"
"strings"

)

func main() {

// 定义字符串
data := "1234 foo 5678 bar"
// 搜索子字符串
if strings.Contains(data, "foo") {
    fmt.Println("found foo")
}
// 提取子字符串
sub := strings.Split(data, " ")[2]
fmt.Println(sub)
// 处理字符串
data = strings.Replace(data, "5678", "abcd", -1)
fmt.Println(data)

}

Conclusion

In the Go language, file format conversion and parsing are very common tasks. Using third-party libraries allows us to complete these tasks more quickly. At the same time, familiarity with regular expressions and string operations can also allow us to parse data more efficiently. I hope this article can help everyone, and I wish you all a happy work!

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