How to use Go language framework to implement Websocket video live broadcast

With the rapid development of Internet technology, live video has become an important online media method, attracting more and more users. Websocket technology is one of the keys to supporting real-time communication. Using the Go language framework to implement Websocket video live broadcast has become the research direction of many developers. This article will introduce how to use the Go language framework to implement Websocket video live broadcast.

1. Introduction to Websocket

Websocket is a full-duplex communication protocol based on TCP connection. The concept is similar to the HTTP protocol, but it does not need to be used as frequently as the HTTP protocol. Handshaking can realize real-time data transmission and real-time communication, and is widely used in online chat rooms, real-time scores, real-time data exchange and other scenarios.

In the Go language, Websocket communication can be easily implemented by using the standard library "gorilla/websocket".

2. Websocket video live broadcast implementation

In order to implement Websocket video live broadcast, the following steps need to be completed:

1. The client connects to the WebSocket server and sends a connection request
2. The server receives the client connection request and establishes a Websocket connection with the client
3. The server obtains the live video source
4. Sends the live video source to the client
5. Receives the client Control commands sent by the client, such as pause, play, adjust volume, etc.
6. Make corresponding adjustments according to the control commands
7. Disconnect the Websocket connection and end the live broadcast

The following How to complete each step will be explained in detail.

1. The client connects to the WebSocket server and sends a connection request

In JavaScript, the code for using WebSocket to connect to the server is as follows:

const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080/ws');

where" ws://localhost:8080/ws" represents the address and port number of the Websocket server.

2. The server receives the client connection request and establishes a Websocket connection with the client

In the Go language, the code for establishing a Websocket connection using the "gorilla/websocket" library is as follows :

upgrader := websocket.Upgrader{
   ReadBufferSize:  1024,
   WriteBufferSize: 1024,
}
conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
if err != nil {
   log.Println(err)
   return
}

where w and r are http.ResponseWriter and http.Request.

3. The server obtains the live video source

Obtaining the live video source can be achieved using open source software such as "ffmpeg". There are also corresponding libraries in the Go language that can call FFmpeg, such as "gabriel-vasile/mimetype".

4. Send the live video source to the client

When sending the live video source to the client through the Websocket connection, the video source format needs to be converted into a binary stream for transmission , the client then parses it into a video stream for playback. In the Go language, you can use the "os" library to read the file, use the "net/http" library to set the response header to "multipart/x-mixed-replace", and use the "websocket.Message.Send" method to send information.

5. Receive control commands sent by the client, such as pause, play, adjust volume, etc.

Receive control commands sent by the client using the "websocket.ReadMessage" method. . The commands sent by the client can be transmitted using an agreed protocol, such as JSON format.

_, message, err := conn.ReadMessage()
if err != nil {
   log.Println(err)
   return
}
log.Printf("received: %s", message)

6. Make corresponding adjustments according to the control command

Make corresponding adjustments according to the commands sent by the client. You can use conditional statements to judge. For example, when the "play" command is received, the audio and video stream can be transmitted to the client to continue playing; when the "pause" command is received, the transmission stream can be stopped and playback is paused.

7. Disconnect the Websocket connection and end the live broadcast

Use the "websocket.Message.Close" method to close the Websocket connection and end the live broadcast. The specific code is as follows:

err = conn.WriteMessage(websocket.CloseMessage, websocket.FormatCloseMessage(websocket.CloseNormalClosure, ""))
if err != nil {
   log.Println(err)
   return
}

conn.Close()

3. Use WebSocket to build a live broadcast system

After the above steps are completed, they can be integrated into a complete live broadcast system. The following is a simple live broadcast system code example:

package main

import (
   "flag"
   "log"
   "net/http"

   "github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype"
   "github.com/gorilla/websocket"
)

var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
   ReadBufferSize:  1024,
   WriteBufferSize: 1024,
}

func main() {
   port := flag.String("port", "8080", "server port")
   flag.Parse()

   http.HandleFunc("/ws", wsHandler)
   http.HandleFunc("/", liveHandler)

   err := http.ListenAndServe(":"+*port, nil)
   if err != nil {
      log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
   }
}

func liveHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   contentType, err := mimetype.DetectFile("video.mp4")
   if err != nil {
      http.Error(w, "Failed to detect video format", http.StatusInternalServerError)
      return
   }

   w.Header().Set("Connection", "keep-alive")
   w.Header().Set("Content-Type", contentType.String())
   w.Header().Set("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
   http.ServeFile(w, r, "video.mp4")
}

func wsHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
   conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
   if err != nil {
      log.Println(err)
      return
   }
   defer conn.Close()

   for {
      _, _, err := conn.ReadMessage()
      if err != nil {
         log.Println(err)
         break
      }

      // 根据客户端发送的命令进行相应的调整
      // ...

      // 发送音视频流
      sendLiveStream(conn)
   }
}

func sendLiveStream(conn *websocket.Conn) {
   // 将视频流转换为二进制流进行传输
   // ...
}

In the liveHandler function, by setting the response header, the video file is transmitted in the "multipart/x-mixed-replace" method to realize the live video source.

In the wsHandler function, the audio and video stream is controlled and adjusted by judging the commands sent by the client.

4. Summary

This article introduces the method of using the Go language framework to implement Websocket video live broadcast, which implements Websocket communication with the support of libraries such as "gorilla/websocket" and "os" and audio and video streaming and control functions. Combined with the sample code introduced above, developers can better understand and master the implementation method of Websocket video live broadcast. I hope this article can be helpful to readers and promote the wider application and promotion of Websocket video live broadcast technology.

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