Why doesn't my Go program use the Zap logging library correctly?

Go language is very flexible for log processing, but sometimes you will encounter various problems when using third-party log libraries. Among them, programmers who use the Zap log library may encounter problems that cannot be used correctly.

Zap is a high-performance logging library that uses text-based configuration and structured logging. However, many Go programmers have encountered various problems when using Zap, including the inability to record to the log, the log cannot be scrolled, the program is unstable, and so on. So, why can't my Go program use the Zap logging library correctly?

First of all, you need to pay attention to the log level of Zap. Zap's default log level is INFO, not DEBUG. If your log level is DEBUG but Zap does not record any logs, it may be because Zap's log level is too high. The log level can be adjusted using the following code:

config := zap.NewDevelopmentConfig()
config.Level = zap.NewAtomicLevelAt(zap.DebugLevel)
logger, _ := config.Build()

Additionally, Zap uses text-based configuration. Therefore, in the configuration file, options such as output format and log level need to be set.

The second problem is that the log cannot be scrolled. This may be because you don't have a log scroller set up when using Zap. You can use the following code to set the log scroller:

config.EncoderConfig = zapcore.EncoderConfig{
    TimeKey:        "timestamp",
    LevelKey:       "level",
    NameKey:        "logger",
    CallerKey:      "caller",
    MessageKey:     "message",
    StacktraceKey:  "stacktrace",
    LineEnding:     zapcore.DefaultLineEnding,
    EncodeLevel:    zapcore.CapitalLevelEncoder,
    EncodeTime:     zapcore.ISO8601TimeEncoder,
    EncodeDuration: zapcore.SecondsDurationEncoder,
    EncodeCaller:   zapcore.ShortCallerEncoder,
}

config.EncoderConfig.EncodeLevel = zapcore.CapitalColorLevelEncoder

config.EncoderConfig.EncodeTime= func(w io.Writer, t time.Time, enc zapcore.PrimitiveArrayEncoder) {
    enc.AppendString(t.Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999"))
}

config.OutputPaths = []string{
    "stdout",
    "./logs/app.log",
}

config.RotationTime = time.Hour * 24
config.MaxAge = time.Hour * 24 * 7
config.MaxBackups = 7

logger, err = config.Build()

Note that here are some basic options for the log scroller, including the time interval for log rolling, the maximum log storage time, storage location, etc. In addition, you can customize the log format and time format to better meet your needs.

The third problem is that the program is unstable. This may be because Zap uses asynchronous writing, causing log operations to fail to be flushed to disk in time. In order to avoid this situation, you can use the following code to make Zap write synchronously:

logger, err = config.Build()
if err != nil {
    panic(err)
}
defer logger.Sync()

The above are some problems and their solutions that may cause Go programs to fail to use the Zap log library correctly. It should be noted that when using Zap, you need to understand its related configuration and features in order to use the log library more smoothly.

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