MySQL COUNT(*)和DISTINCT效率分析
MySQL数据库对于COUNT(*)的不同处理会造成不同的结果,比如,执行下面查询时,即使对于千万级别的数据mysql也能非常迅速的返回结果。
<code class="sql">SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablename</code>
但如果这样执行, mysql的查询时间开始攀升。
<code class="sql">SELECT COUNT(*) FROM tablename WHERE…..</code>
当没有WHERE语句对于整个mysql的表进行count运算的时候,MyISAM类型的表中保存有总的行数,而当添加有WHERE限定语句的时候Mysql需要对整个表进行检索,从而得出count的数值,因此加上where条件的查询速度就会很慢了。
对于MySQL的DISTINCT的关键字的一些用法:
1.在count 不重复的记录的时候能用到,比如SELECT COUNT( DISTINCT id ) FROM tablename;就是计算talbebname表中id不同的记录有多少条。
2,在需要返回记录不同的id的具体值的时候可以用,比如SELECT DISTINCT id FROM tablename;返回talbebname表中不同的id的具体的值。
3.上面的情况2对于需要返回mysql表中2列以上的结果时会有歧义,比如SELECT DISTINCT id, type FROM tablename;实际上返回的是 id与type同时不相同的结果,也就是DISTINCT同时作用了两个字段,必须得id与tyoe都相同的才被排除了,与我们期望的结果不一样。
4.这时候可以考虑使用group_concat函数来进行排除,不过这个mysql函数是在mysql4.1以上才支持的。
5.其实还有另外一种解决方式,就是使用,SELECT id, type, count(DISTINCT id) FROM tablename,虽然这样的返回结果多了一列无用的count数据(或许你就需要这个我说的无用数据),返回的结果是只有id不同的所有结果和上面的4类型可以互补使用,就是看你需要什么样的数据了。
DISTINCT的效率:
<code class="sql">SELECT id, type, count(DISTINCT id) FROM tablename</code>
虽然这样的返回结果多了一列无用的count数据(或许你就需要这个我说的无用数据),SELECT id, type from tablename group by id;这样貌似也可以,用distinct的时候,如果它有索引,mysql会把它转成group by的方式执行。

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