How to monitor and improve Nginx defense

Nginx, as a high-performance web server and reverse proxy server, is widely used in many websites and applications on the Internet. However, due to its wide application and open source characteristics, it also makes it a target for future cyber attacks. In order to improve Nginx's security defense capabilities, monitoring and optimization are required.

Monitoring Nginx security

Monitoring is part of Nginx security. Through monitoring, Nginx access and attack behaviors can be analyzed and predicted. Monitoring helps detect which attacks have been or are in progress against Nginx. Here are some ways to monitor Nginx security.

1. Record activity log

By recording access logs and error logs, you can perform security analysis on Nginx. The access log records each request from the client, as well as the status code and content of the response. The error log records errors and exceptions that occur when Nginx is running. These logs can be analyzed through front-end log analysis tools or log analysis tools such as ELK.

2. Install the scanning tool

By installing the vulnerability scanning tool, you can detect security vulnerabilities in Nginx. Scan results can be used to fix vulnerabilities and improve Nginx security. If a security vulnerability exists, the scanning tool generates a warning message and provides possible solutions.

3. Monitor traffic

Monitoring Nginx traffic can detect network attacks, such as DDoS attacks. Using traffic analysis tools, you can determine if traffic exceeds expected traffic. If the number of visits exceeds expectations, you may consider temporarily shutting down related services or increasing server capacity.

Improve Nginx defense

Nginx security can be improved through the following methods.

1. Update software

The Nginx community and its team always release updated Nginx versions, as well as security patches. Regularly updating Nginx ensures the security of your system. Before installing a new version, you should make a backup to prevent unexpected situations.

2. Application built-in modules and plug-ins

Nginx has a variety of built-in modules and plug-ins that can be used to enhance its security. For example, through the HTTP SSL module, HTTPS requests can be encrypted. Additionally, using the HTTP Real IP module, it is possible to limit client IP address ranges.

3. Enhance permission management

In order to protect the Nginx system from unauthorized access, necessary measures must be taken to restrict access to its files and directories. Additionally, setting permissions correctly can prevent malware from executing arbitrary code when exploiting vulnerabilities.

4. Enable firewall

By enabling software or hardware firewall, you can prevent bad traffic from attacking the Nginx system. Firewall alarms can help detect and restrict traffic from suspicious IP addresses to prevent DDoS attacks.

Summary

As a high-performance web server and reverse proxy server, Nginx must ensure its system security while ensuring application performance. Nginx's security defense can be improved through a series of operations such as regular updates, using built-in modules and plug-ins, strengthening permission management, and setting up firewalls. At the same time, by monitoring Nginx logs, installing vulnerability scanning tools, monitoring traffic, etc., network attacks can be discovered and proactive responses can be made.

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