Home Database Mysql Tutorial 分享mysql中文乱码的解决办法

分享mysql中文乱码的解决办法

Jun 01, 2016 am 09:57 AM
Chinese Garbled characters

修改mysql配置解决乱码

首先:

用show variables like “%colla%”;show varables like “%char%”;这两条命令查看数据库与服务端的字符集设置

如果查看出来都是gbk2312,或 gbk,那么就只能支持简体中文,繁体和一些特殊符号是不能插入的,我们只有修改字符集为UTF-8,

修改方法如下:

用记事本或UitraEdit打开mysql数据库安装目录下的my.ini文件打开, 然后Ctrl+F搜索default-character-set,将后面的字符集修改为UTF8,注意要修改两个地方,一个事客户端的,一个是服务端的。

然后保存,重启mysql服务、、进去继续用show variables like “%colla%”;show varables like “%char%”;着两条语句查询一下字符集

数据表和连接部分的编码设置

设置数据库和数据表编码

要解决乱码问题,首先必须弄清楚数据库和数据表用什么编码。如果没有指明,将是默认的latin1。
用得最多的应该是这3种字符集 gb2312,gbk,utf8。
如何去指定数据库和数据表的字符集呢?下面也gbk为例:
【在MySQL Command Line Client创建数据库 】

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<code class="sql">mysql> CREATE TABLE `mysqlcode` (

  -> `id` TINYINT( 255 ) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,

  -> `content` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL

  -> ) TYPE = MYISAM CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;

  Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)</code>

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其中后面的 TYPE = MYISAM CHARACTER SET gbk COLLATE gbk_chinese_ci;就是指定数据库的字符集,COLLATE (校勘),让mysql同时支持多种编码的数据库。

当然也可以通过如下指令修改数据库数据表的字符集:

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<code class="sql">alter database mysqlcode default character set 'gbk'.</code>

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前面已经设置了服务器、数据库和数据表的编码,那么数据库中的编码便都是gbk,中文可以存储进去。
但是如果你要通过执行insert或select等操作时,仍然会出现中文乱码问题,这是因为还没设置“连接(connection)”部分的编码,而insert、select等数据库操作都包含与数据库的连接动作。如果不信,你现在可以执行下面的sql文试一试:

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<code class="sql">mysql> insert into mysqlcode values(null,'代码分享');</code>

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设置连接编码

设置了服务器、数据库和数据表部分的编码,必须设置连接编码。连接编码设置如下:

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<code class="sql">mysql> SET character_set_client='gbk';

mysql> SET character_set_connection='gbk'

mysql> SET character_set_results='gbk'</code>

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设置好连接编码,下面便可以成功插入中文了:

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<code class="sql">mysql> insert into mysqlcode values(null,'java爱好者');

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)</code>

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其实,上面设置连接编码的三条命令可以简化为一条:

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<code class="sql">mysql> set names 'gbk';</code>

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设置好了连接编码后,在select查询时,也能正确显示中文:

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<code class="sql">mysql> select * from mysqlcode;

+----+-----------+

| id | content |

+----+-----------+

| 1   | java爱好着 |

+----+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)</code>

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查询mysql中文记录乱码问题

我们这里以gb2312编码乱码为实例来介绍

如果你想使用gb2312编码,那么建议你使用latin1作为数据表的默认字符集,这样就能直接用中文在命令行工具中插入数据,并且可以直接显示出来.而不要使用gb2312或者gbk等字符集,如果担心查询排序等问题,可以使用binary属性约束,例如:

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<code class="sql">create table my_table ( name varchar(20) binary not null default'')type=myisam default charset latin1;</code>

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附:旧数据升级办法
以原来的字符集为latin1为例,升级成为utf8的字符集。

原来的表:old_table (default charset=latin1),新表:new_table(defaultcharset=utf8)。

第一步:导出旧数据

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<code class="sql">mysqldump --default-character-set=latin1 -hlocalhost -uroot -Bmy_db --tables old_table > old.sql</code>

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第二步:转换编码

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<code class="sql">iconv -t utf-8 -f gb2312 -c old.sql > new.sql</code>

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在这里,假定原来的数据默认是gb2312编码。

第三步:导入

修改old.sql,增加一条sql语句: "SET NAMES utf8;",保存。

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<code class="sql">mysql -hlocalhost -uroot my_db </code>

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大功告成!!

mysql导入数据乱码解决 

出现乱码语句:mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -proot test

正确的语句:mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -proot test

解决mysql导入导出数据乱码问题

首先要做的是要确定你导出数据的编码格式,使用mysqldump的时候需要加上--default-character-set=utf8,例如下面的代码:

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<code class="sql">mysqldump   -uroot  -p  --default-character-set=utf8   dbname tablename  >  bak.sql</code>

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那么导入数据的时候也要使用--default-character-set=utf8:

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<code>mysql -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 dbname </code>

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这样统一编码就解决了mysql数据迁移中的乱码问题了

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