Introduction to Struts framework in Java language

Introduction to Struts framework in Java language

With the gradual popularity of Web applications, such as Web websites and enterprise application systems, the Java EE (Enterprise Edition) architecture has gradually become a mainstream choice. In the Java EE architecture, due to the popularity of the MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern, the Struts framework has become one of the commonly used web application frameworks. In this article, we will delve into the use and advantages of the Struts framework in the Java language.

1. Overview of the Struts framework
   The Struts framework is an MVC framework that divides the application into three parts: model, view and controller. The Struts framework provides us with a basic structure to help us develop flexible and scalable Web applications. Below, we briefly introduce each part of the Struts framework.

1.1 Model of Struts framework
In the Struts framework, the model uses JavaBean to represent state and domain logic. It has only slight control and is only responsible for state and domain logic. We can include business logic or any processing in the model. We usually use models to maintain and manage the state of data. When a resource is accessed, the model provides data and other services to the web application. The web application only needs to use the model and does not need to care about how it manages data and provides services.

1.2 Views of the Struts framework
In the Struts framework, views can use a combination of JSP (Java Server Pages), HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), XSL (XML Stylesheet Language) or any other user interface technology to present the state of the model. In the Struts framework, views should be lightweight and only present the state and the results of state changes. It should not be responsible for the processing of data.

1.3 Controller of Struts framework
In the Struts framework, the controller is the main control point of the application. It is responsible for processing requests from users and corresponding responses. Controllers can be implemented using Java Servlets or any other technology that conforms to the Servlet specification. In the Struts framework, controllers use Actions to handle requests and provide contextual support for views and models. The Struts framework uses ActionForward to manage the request process.

2. Advantages of Struts Framework
   The Struts framework can help developers create and maintain Web applications efficiently. Using the Struts framework can provide the following advantages:

2.1 Separation of concerns
The Struts framework uses the MVC architectural pattern to separate the application into models, views and controllers. This separation allows developers to develop and maintain different pieces of functionality independently without requiring them to be coupled to each other. In this way, the Struts framework reduces the complexity of web application development, making it easier to understand and maintain.

2.2 Support Web application standards
The Struts framework uses Java Servlet technology. Servlets are part of the Java EE standard and therefore work well in web containers. In addition, the Struts framework provides some standard convenience features for Web applications, such as request processing, form validation, exception handling mechanisms, etc. These features make Web applications more efficient and reliable when using the Struts framework.

2.3 Extensibility
Since the Struts framework uses the MVC architectural pattern and provides an extensible plug-in mechanism, developers can easily add new features to Struts applications. For example, a new business logic can be easily added to the model without affecting the view or controller.

2.4 Reusability
The Struts framework uses template mode and strategy mode to develop Web applications. These design patterns help developers build applications that are easy to extend, understand, and reuse. For example, controllers can be reused in different parts of a given application, models can be reused in multiple parts of an application, and views can be reused in different applications.

3. Summary
   This article introduces the basic concepts, advantages and applications of using the Struts framework in the Java language. The Struts framework can make Web application development easier and more reliable, and allows developers to separate concerns, support Web application standards, scalability and reusability. In practical applications, we need to choose the appropriate framework based on specific needs and design to achieve the best development efficiency and code quality.

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