What are the common YII2 framework operations in PHP programming?

PHP programming has always been an important part of Web development, and the YII2 framework is one of the most popular ones. As an excellent web application framework, there are many common operations in YII2 development. Today we will explore the YII2 framework in PHP programming and learn about its common operations.

1. Controllers

In the YII2 framework, controllers are the key to processing URL requests. They are the core part of a web application, directly handling response requests and rendering results. In YII2 applications, controllers are implemented as classes. A typical controller code is as follows:

namespace appcontrollers;

use yiiwebController;

class SiteController extends Controller
{
    public function actionIndex()
    {
        return $this->render('index');
    }
}

2. Views (Views)

Views are the web application’s Front-end display, in YII2, a view is a page that displays and interacts with users. It is usually used to render HTML pages, render template files, or display table data to users. Typically, views contain HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code, and the PHP language is used to obtain and render model data. In YII2 applications, the view usually corresponds to an operation method in the controller, as shown below:

<?php
  use yiihelpersHtml;
?>

<h1><?= Html::encode($this->title) ?></h1>

<p>
    <?= Html::a('Create Product', ['create'], ['class' => 'btn btn-success']) ?>
</p>

<?= $this->render('_search', ['model' => $searchModel]) ?>

<?= GridView::widget([
    'dataProvider' => $dataProvider,
    'columns' => [
        ['class' => 'yiigridSerialColumn'],

        'id',
        'title',
        'description:ntext',
        'price',

        ['class' => 'yiigridActionColumn'],
    ],
]); ?>

3. Models

The model is in the YII2 framework Data engine, which allows us to map data from database tables into PHP objects. In YII2 applications, models are implemented by extending the yiidbActiveRecord class. Here we can set some model attributes and rules to standardize the model for verification and protection during data processing. The following is a basic model code example:

namespace appmodels;

use yiiaseModel;

class ContactForm extends Model
{
    public $name;
    public $email;
    public $subject;
    public $body;
    public $verifyCode;

    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            // name, email, subject and body are required
            [['name', 'email', 'subject', 'body'], 'required'],
            // email has to be a valid email address
            ['email', 'email'],
            // verifyCode needs to be entered correctly
            ['verifyCode', 'captcha'],
        ];
    }
}

4. Routing

Routing is the way to manage URLs in Web applications. In the YII2 framework, routing is This is achieved through the URL manager. Used to interpret and process the rest of the URL, routing maps the request to the appropriate controller action. This allows our application to quickly respond to user requests and handle different types of routing.

'urlManager' => [
    'enablePrettyUrl' => true,
    'showScriptName' => false,
    'rules' => [
        'post/<id:d+>/<title:.*?>' => 'post/view',
        'posts/<tag:.*?>' => 'post/index',
    ],
],

5. Database Migrations

In the YII2 framework, database migration is a simple, replicable and cross-application way to create and manage database changes. The method by which the program environment is executed. We can make database changes by running migration scripts, such as creating tables, adding, deleting and modifying columns, etc.

class m160312_345621_create_customer_table extends Migration
{

    public function up()
    {
        $this->createTable('customer', [
            'id' => $this->primaryKey(),
            'name' => $this->string()->notNull(),
            'email' => $this->string()->notNull(),
        ]);
    }

    public function down()
    {
        $this->dropTable('customer');
    }
}

6. Forms

Forms are a key component of user interaction in web applications. They are used to receive user input, submit data, and verify whether the form is completed. Correct etc. In the YII2 framework, forms can be implemented by the Yii aseModel class and the yiiwidgetsActiveForm control. The following is a simple form code example containing a text box, drop-down box and submit button:

use yiihelpersHtml;
use yiiwidgetsActiveForm;

$form = ActiveForm::begin();
?>

<?= $form->field($model, 'name')->textInput(['maxlength' => true]) ?>

<?= $form->field($model, 'gender')->dropDownList(['1' => '男', '2' => '女'], ['prompt' => '请选择']) ?>

<div class="form-group">
    <?= Html::submitButton('提交', ['class' => 'btn btn-primary']) ?>
</div>

<?php ActiveForm::end(); ?>

Summary:

In PHP programming, the YII2 framework provides many powerful operations, including controllers , views, models, routing, database migrations and forms, etc. It is an excellent, reliable and easy-to-use web application framework that supports performance optimization of flexible web applications. The above brief introduction is only part of the functions of YII2. Through practical application and continuous learning, you can discover more features and uses of the YII2 framework and design excellent and efficient web applications.

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