What are the common Laravel framework operations in PHP programming?

PHP is a mainstream programming language that is widely used in web application development, and Laravel is an important framework in PHP development. Laravel adopts the MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern similar to Ruby on Rails, which separates business logic, interface design and data control, simplifies the website development process, and provides rich functions and tools, such as user authentication, routing , cache, queue, etc. This article will introduce common operations in Laravel development.

1. Route

Routing is one of the most important features in Laravel. It is the mechanism for controlling application logic. Laravel supports routing of GET, POST, PUT, PATCH and DELETE requests, allowing developers to handle various types of requests more conveniently.

There are generally two ways to define routes, Route::get() and Route::post(). Here we take Route::get() as an example:

Route::get('user/{id}', function ($id) {
    return 'User '.$id;
});

This code defines a route that allows visitors to access different user data through routes such as /user/1 or /user/2 .

2. Controller(Controller)

The controller is the main place where logic is processed in the application. It handles user requests and returns a response. Laravel's controller files are generally placed in app/Http/Controllers.

By default, the methods of the Laravel controller class use camel case naming, and the naming format is "verb noun", such as IndexController, UserController, etc.

In the controller, you can access and handle requests from the route through the following methods:

public function index()
{
    return view('welcome');
}

In this way, the controller can return a view (view), which usually Contains logic-related HTML. It's worth noting that Laravel typically uses the Blade templating engine to generate views.

3. Middleware

Middleware is a filter between HTTP requests and responses. It can send the request to the application or the response to the client. Before, perform some preprocessing or filtering operations.

In Laravel, requests can be verified or transformed through a series of Middleware methods to meet different needs. Laravel has many built-in middleware, such as authentication middleware (auth) and cross-site request forgery protection middleware (csrf).

It is also very easy to define your own middleware. Define a new middleware by creating a new class under the app/Http/Middleware path, which defines at least one handle() method.

namespace AppHttpMiddleware;

use Closure;

class MyMiddleware
{
    /**
     * 处理传入的请求。
     *
     * @param  IlluminateHttpRequest  $request
     * @param  Closure  $next
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function handle($request, Closure $next)
    {
        // 在请求发送到应用程序之前执行一些操作

        $response = $next($request);

        // 在将响应发送到客户端之前执行一些操作

        return $response;
    }
}

4. Database Operation (Eloquent ORM)

As a complete framework, Laravel of course also provides an interface for database operations. In Laravel, developers can use Eloquent ORM to easily implement various database operations.

First, you need to set up the database connection and related configuration in the configuration file. After configuration, you can create the Model. A Model corresponds to a database table, which can implement multiple query conditions, sorting, aggregation, paging and other operations through chain calls.

For example, if we want to implement a simple user list query, it can be completed as follows:

Define User Model:

use IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel;

class User extends Model
{
    // 定义表名
    protected $table = 'user';
}

Define controller UserController:

use AppUser;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;
use AppHttpControllersController;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $users = User::all();

        return view('user.index', ['users' => $users]);
    }
}

Define route:

Route::get('users', 'UserController@index');

Then, when accessing the /users route, you can obtain all user data in the User table. The User::all() method is mainly used here for query.

Of course, there are many other operations, including search, update, delete, add, etc. For specific detailed operations, you can check the Laravel official documentation.

Summary

The Laravel framework is widely used in PHP development, can help developers quickly develop Web applications, and provides a wealth of functions and tools. This article mainly introduces some operations commonly used in Laravel, such as routing, controllers, middleware, database operations, etc. I hope it will be helpful to PHP web developers.

The above is the detailed content of What are the common Laravel framework operations in PHP programming?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!