How to use ThinkPHP6 for mail queue processing?

With the increase of Web applications, the demand for sending emails is also increasing. In some cases, you need to send messages in batches or send them to a queue for processing to improve performance. ThinkPHP 6 provides convenient email sending and queue processing functions. This article will introduce how to use ThinkPHP 6 for email queue processing.

1. Install and configure the queue service

1. Install Redis

Redis is an open source in-memory data structure storage server used as a database, cache and message broker. Because the queue data must be persisted, the queue data needs to be saved through Redis. To install Redis, you can refer to official documentation and other online tutorials.

2. Configure the queue connection

Configure the queue connection in the ThinkPHP configuration file config/queue.php. The example is as follows:

return [
    // 默认驱动
    'default' => env('queue.driver', 'redis'),

    // 队列连接参数
    'connections' => [
        'sync' => [
            'driver' => 'sync',
        ],
        'redis' => [
            'driver' => 'redis',
            'connection' => 'default',
            'queue' => env('queue.redis.queue', 'default'),
            'retry_after' => 90,
            'block_for' => null,
        ],
    ],

    // 监听的任务类命名空间
    'queue_class' => [
        // 'AppJobs'
    ],
];

Among them, default is the default queue driver , configured here as redis. The relevant parameters of the redis driver are configured in connections, including the connection name, connection driver, connected queue name, etc. queue_class is used to monitor the namespace of the class that performs tasks.

3. Start the queue listener

Start the queue listener in the command line, and you can take out and execute the tasks in the queue one by one. An example is as follows:

php think queue:listen

2. Use queue to send emails

1. Create an email sending task

Create an email sending task class in the app/job directory and write related logic. For example, the task class SnedMailJob for sending emails:

<?php
namespace appjob;

use appcommonMail;
use thinkqueueJob;

class SendMailJob
{
    /**
     * Send the email message.
     *
     * @param  Job  $job
     * @param  array  $data email message data
     */
    public function fire(Job $job, $data)
    {
        try {
            // 发送邮件
            Mail::send($data['to'], $data['subject'], $data['content']);

            // 执行任务成功，删除任务
            $job->delete();
        } catch (Exception $e) {
            // 执行任务失败，重新放入任务队列中
            // 系统会自动新建一个可重试任务并放入队列，该任务结束后重新尝试执行当前任务
            $job->release(); // 或者 $job->failed();
        }
    }
}

2. Add the task to the queue

Where you need to send emails, add the task to the queue through the following code:

use thinkacadeQueue;

// 添加一条SendMailJob任务到队列中
Queue::push(new SendMailJob($to, $subject, $content));

Among them, $to, $subject, and $content are the recipient, subject, and content of the email.

3. The queue listener executes the task

After starting the queue listener, the task will be automatically taken out from the queue and executed. After successful execution, the task will be deleted from the queue by itself. After execution fails, the queue listener will push the task into the queue again until the task is successfully executed or the maximum number of attempts is reached (configurable in the .env file).

3. Conclusion

This article introduces the method of using ThinkPHP6 for mail queue processing, including installing and configuring the queue service, creating mail sending tasks, adding tasks to the queue and queue listener execution tasks. By using mail queues, you can separate mail tasks from your application, improving performance and reliability.

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