Data table size management skills in MySQL

MySQL database, as a lightweight relational database management system, is widely used in Internet applications and enterprise-level systems. In enterprise-level applications, as the amount of data increases, the size of data tables also continues to increase. Therefore, effective management of data table sizes is crucial to ensuring the performance and reliability of the database. This article will introduce data table size management techniques in MySQL.

1. Data table division

As the amount of data continues to increase, the size of the data table also continues to increase, which will cause database performance to decrease and query operations to become slow. Therefore, for a large data table, we can divide it into multiple small data tables to improve database performance and query speed.

MySQL provides two common methods of partitioning data tables: horizontal partitioning and vertical partitioning. Horizontal partitioning means that the data in the data table is dispersed into multiple data tables, and each data table stores a part of the data; vertical partitioning means that the data table is divided according to different columns, and each data table only stores a part of the columns. The choice of partitioning method needs to be based on specific business needs.

2. Data table field type

The data table field type in MySQL can affect the size of the data table. Therefore, the correct data table field type should be selected to save storage space to the greatest extent. The following are some common data table field types and their storage space sizes:

1. Integer type

MySQL supports different integer data types, such as TINYINT, SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, INT and BIGINT . These integer data types occupy different sizes of space. TINYINT occupies one byte and BIGINT occupies 8 bytes. Therefore, if the integer value that needs to be stored is relatively small, we should choose a smaller integer data type to save storage space.

2. Floating point type

MySQL supports different floating point data types, such as FLOAT and DOUBLE. These floating-point data types have different storage space sizes. FLOAT occupies 4 bytes and DOUBLE occupies 8 bytes. If the precision of the floating point value that needs to be stored is not high, we can choose the FLOAT data type to save storage space.

3. String

MySQL supports different string types, such as CHAR and VARCHAR. These string types have different storage space sizes, CHAR stores fixed-length strings, and VARCHAR stores variable-length strings. If the length of the string that needs to be stored is not fixed, we can choose the VARCHAR data type to save storage space.

3. Data table index

Index is an important technology to improve database query performance and query speed. However, data table indexes also occupy a large amount of storage space, so we should choose the correct index method to effectively manage the data table size.

Common index types in MySQL include primary key index, unique index, full-text index and spatial index. Among them, primary key index and unique index occupy smaller storage space, while full-text index and spatial index occupy larger storage space.

Therefore, in the application, we should choose the correct index type according to the actual situation and minimize the number of indexes to effectively manage the data table size.

4. Data table partitioning

MySQL 5.1 and above provide the partition table function, which can divide a large table into multiple small physical tables, thereby improving the query speed of the database. Partitioning technology can be selected according to business needs. Common partitioning methods include: partitioning by time, partitioning by range, partitioning by hash, etc.

Partitioning technology can effectively manage the size of data tables, but it can also make the management of data tables complicated. Therefore, when using partitioning technology, you need to select and use it according to the actual situation.

In short, data table size management in MySQL is an important technology to improve database performance and reliability. By correctly selecting data table division methods, data table field types, data table indexes, and data table partitioning technologies, you can effectively manage data table size and improve database performance and reliability.

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