MySQL implements data reading and writing separation technology

MySQL is currently one of the most commonly used relational databases. In order to meet the needs of complex application scenarios such as large traffic and high concurrency, MySQL provides read-write separation technology, which can significantly improve the performance and reliability of MySQL.

1. The basic principle of read and write separation

Read and write separation refers to allocating MySQL's read operations and write operations to different servers for processing in order to achieve optimization MySQL performance effects. Normally, a MySQL server has to undertake both read operations and write operations, which can easily cause a bottleneck on the server and affect the stability of the system. Read-write separation technology can effectively reduce the burden on the server.

The nature of MySQL's read operation and write operation are different. The write operation will modify the data and needs to occupy the lock, while the read operation will not modify the data and does not need to occupy the lock. Therefore, in order to achieve read-write separation, the MySQL server needs to be divided into at least two groups: the master server (Master) and the slave server (Slave).

The master server is responsible for writing operations, and the slave server is responsible for reading operations. When the user needs to perform a read operation, the read request is forwarded to the slave server, and when the user needs to perform a write operation, the write request is forwarded to the master server. This enables separation of reading and writing.

2. Steps to implement MySQL read-write separation

(1) Prepare at least two MySQL servers.

(2) Install the MySQL replication plug-in and enable the MySQL replication function.

(3) Configure on the main server and enable the binary logging function (Binary Logging).

(4) Create an account on the main server for replication and grant replication permissions.

(5) Configure on the slave server and enable the Replication Slave function of the slave server.

(6) Get the binary log file from the master server and copy it to the slave server.

(7) Use Relay Log on the slave server to copy the update operation of the master server and apply it to the slave server.

3. The advantages and disadvantages of MySQL read-write separation

MySQL read-write separation has the following advantages:

(1) Improve MySQL performance. Distributing read operations and write operations to different servers for processing reduces the burden on the server and significantly improves the performance and reliability of MySQL.

(2) Improve database reliability and data security. Separating reading and writing can distribute read operations to multiple slave servers, improving the reliability of MySQL. At the same time, the slave server is only responsible for read operations and will not modify the data and will not affect the master server, which enhances data security.

(3) Expand the system architecture. Through read-write separation technology, the architecture of the MySQL server can be easily expanded to meet the requirements of rapid system development.

MySQL read-write separation also has some disadvantages:

(1) Complex configuration and maintenance. MySQL read-write separation involves a lot of configuration and maintenance, which requires professional and technical personnel to operate, increasing the complexity of the system.

(2) Delay problem. Because data replication between the master server and the slave server takes time, when the user performs a write operation, the data on the slave server cannot be updated in real time, causing a certain delay.

4. Summary

MySQL read and write separation is an effective means to optimize database performance and reliability. Although complex configuration and maintenance are required, it can improve the reliability and performance of the MySQL system and expand the system architecture. However, it should be noted that the most appropriate read-write separation solution needs to be selected based on specific application scenarios.

The above is the detailed content of MySQL implements data reading and writing separation technology. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!