Detailed explanation of PHP HTTP server request function

HTTP protocol is one of the most important protocols in web applications. It uses a simple request-response model to get and send data. As a popular web development language, PHP provides many HTTP server request functions to help developers interact with web servers. This article will introduce the HTTP server request function in PHP in detail.

1. file_get_contents()

The file_get_contents() function is the most popular function in PHP for getting data from a remote server. It can capture HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, Data streams such as SFTP, SCP and file streams and convert them into strings. In addition, the function also provides optional parameters for setting HTTP request headers, request timeout, etc.

Example:

$url = 'http://www.example.com';
$response = file_get_contents($url, false, stream_context_create([
    'http' => [
        'method' => 'GET',
        'header' => 'Authorization: Bearer ' . $access_token
    ]
]));
echo $response;

2. curl_exec()

The curl_exec() function is another commonly used PHP function to obtain data from a remote server. Use the libcurl library to implement network communication. Compared with the file_get_contents() function, the curl_exec() function provides more protocol support and advanced functions, such as: multiple concurrent requests, request redirection, etc.

Example:

$url = 'http://www.example.com';
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, ['Authorization: Bearer ' . $access_token]);
$response = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
echo $response;

3. stream_socket_client()

The stream_socket_client() function can create a TCP/IP or UNIX domain data stream socket and Connect to the specified remote server. Unlike the curl_exec() function and the file_get_contents() function, the stream_socket_client() function provides more low-level functions and enables you to control HTTP requests in a more fine-grained manner.

Example:

$url = 'http://www.example.com';
$host = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_HOST);
$port = 80;
$path = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_PATH);
$query = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_QUERY);
$query = $query ? '?' . $query : '';
$request = "GET $path$query HTTP/1.1
"
         . "Host: $host
"
         . "Authorization: Bearer $access_token
"
         . "Connection: Close

";
$socket = stream_socket_client('tcp://' . $host . ':' . $port, $errno, $errstr, 30);
fwrite($socket, $request);
$response = '';
while (!feof($socket)) {
    $response .= fgets($socket, 4096);
}
fclose($socket);
echo substr($response, strpos($response, "

") + 4);

This article introduces the commonly used HTTP server request functions file_get_contents(), curl_exec() and stream_socket_client() functions in PHP, and provides relevant examples. According to different actual needs, choose the request function that suits you and use it in conjunction with the corresponding parameters and options to make your web application more efficient and stable.

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