Practical commands and their usage in Linux system

As a popular open source operating system, Linux provides a large number of command line tools. Flexible, efficient, and powerful command line tools are one of the important features of the Linux operating system. In this article, we will introduce practical commands and their usage in Linux systems to help you understand Linux command line operations more deeply.

1. File and directory operation commands

1. ls command

ls command can list all files and subdirectories in the current directory. You can add some parameters when using the ls command. For example, the -a parameter can display all files, including hidden files; the -l parameter can display file details, including permissions, owners, file size, etc.

2. cd command

cd command can switch to the specified directory. For example, enter cd /usr/bin/ to switch to the /usr/bin/ directory.

3. mkdir command

The mkdir command can create a new directory. For example, enter mkdir newdir to create a directory named newdir in the current directory.

4. rm Command

The rm command can delete a file or directory. For example, enter rm filename to delete a file named filename in the current directory.

5. cp command

cp command can copy a file. For example, enter cp filename newfilename to copy a file named filename in the current directory to a new file named newfilename.

6. mv command

The mv command can move a file or directory. For example, enter mv filename newfilename to rename a file named filename in the current directory to a new file named newfilename.

2. System information command

1. uname command

uname command can display the kernel version, operating system type, computer name and other information of the current operating system. . For example, enter the uname -a command to display all of this information.

2. dmesg Command

The dmesg command can display detailed information during system startup, such as device drivers and hardware identification information, etc.

3. top command

top command can display running process information, including the process's CPU usage, memory usage, running time, etc. Enter the top command to monitor system performance in real time.

4. ps command

ps command can display detailed information of the current user or all processes in the system, including process ID, priority, running status, etc.

3. Network commands

1. ping command

The ping command can test whether the network connection is smooth. For example, enter the ping www.google.com command. Test the connection to www.google.com.

2. ifconfig command

The ifconfig command can display detailed information about all network interfaces of the current computer, including network addresses, hardware addresses, configuration information, etc.

3. netstat command

The netstat command can display the network connection information of the current system, including all open ports, protocols, network interfaces, etc.

4. ssh command

The ssh command can remotely log in to other computers in a secure and encrypted manner. For example, enter the ssh user@hostname command to log in to the computer named hostname with the username user.

4. Other commonly used commands

1. tar command

The tar command can pack and unpack one or more files. For example, enter the tar -cvf filename.tar file1 file2 file3 command to package the files file1, file2, and file3 and create a compressed file named filename.tar.

2. grep command

The grep command can search for a string in the specified text or file. For example, enter the grep "pattern" filename command to search the file filename for a string that matches the specified pattern.

3. find Command

The find command can search files and directories in the file system based on specified conditions. For example, enter the find / -name filename command to search the file system for all files matching the filename filename.

Summary

The commands introduced above are only some of the commonly used commands in Linux systems. With these practical Linux commands, we can more conveniently manage files, view system information, and test network connections. and other operations. In-depth study and reasonable use of these commands can make our work in the Linux system more efficient, convenient and flexible.

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