How to use container technology in Linux

With the rapid development of technologies such as cloud computing and big data, container technology, as a lightweight virtualization technology, has become a very popular way to deploy and manage applications. The Linux operating system inherently supports container technology and has been widely used in production environments.

This article will briefly introduce how to use container technology in Linux.

1. What is container technology

Container technology is an operating system-level virtualization technology. Compared with virtual machines, containers are relatively lighter and more flexible. Each container is an independent running environment and can run different operating system versions and applications on the same host. This means that using container technology can greatly reduce server operating costs, improve resource utilization, and accelerate application deployment and updates.

2. Using container technology in Linux

1. Installing Docker

Docker is the most popular container management tool today, which can easily create, deploy and Manage Docker containers. Installing Docker on a Linux system is very simple. First, you need to download the Docker binary package from the Docker official repository. For specific operation methods, please refer to Docker official documentation.

2. Creating a Docker container

Creating a container using Docker is very simple. You only need to run a command similar to the following:

docker run -it --name my_container ubuntu:latest

Running the above command will result in Create a container named "my_container" in the current environment. The base image of this container is the latest version of Ubuntu.

Among them, the -it parameter specifies the Docker container to run in interactive mode, the --name parameter specifies the name of the container, ubuntu:latest It is the image file of the specified container.

3. Running Docker containers

After creating the container, you can use the following commands to start and stop the Docker container:

docker start my_container
docker stop my_container

Use docker ps The command can view the currently running Docker container, as shown below:

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
c7322a4bd094        ubuntu:latest       "/bin/bash"         2 minutes ago       Up 2 minutes                            my_container

4. Installing applications in Docker containers

Docker containers are essentially independent An operating environment in which various applications and services can be installed. For example, the following command installs an Apache2 server in an Ubuntu container:

docker exec -it my_container apt update
docker exec -it my_container apt install apache2

5. Exporting and importing Docker images

Using Docker you can easily transfer one Docker container to another In an environment, you only need to export the Docker image and transfer it to the target machine. The command to export the Docker image is as follows:

docker save -o my_image.tar my_container

Among them, my_image.tar is the file name of the exported Docker image, and my_container is the name of the Docker container.

The command to import the Docker image is as follows:

docker load -i my_image.tar

6. Use Docker Compose to manage multiple containers

If you need to run multiple containers at the same time in a project , you can use Docker Compose to manage multiple containers. Docker Compose is a tool that simplifies the interaction, coordination, and management of multiple containers. Using Docker Compose, you only need to define the relationships and dependencies between containers in a specified file.

3. Summary

This article briefly introduces how to use container technology in Linux. By using Docker, you can easily create, run and manage Docker containers and treat these containers as an independent running environment. At the same time, with Docker Compose, the interaction and coordination between multiple Docker containers can be effectively managed.

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