Single-machine caching and distributed caching: differences and applications of Java caching technology

Java caching technology is widely used to improve the performance and efficiency of applications, among which stand-alone caching and distributed caching are two common caching technologies. This article will introduce the differences between stand-alone cache and distributed cache, as well as their application in Java cache technology.

1. Single-machine caching

Single-machine caching refers to storing the cache in the single computer where the application is located. Commonly used stand-alone caching technologies include Ehcache, Guava Cache, Caffeine, etc.

Ehcache is a popular stand-alone caching technology that supports hierarchical caching, cache expiration, cache recycling and other features. Ehcache is suitable for small applications and small and medium-sized web applications, and can quickly improve the response speed and performance of the application.

Guava Cache is a stand-alone caching technology developed by Google, which is fast, efficient, and lightweight. Guava Cache can automatically perform cache cleaning and invalidation operations, and is suitable for applications that need to read data frequently.

Caffeine is a Java 8-based memory caching library that is fast, lightweight, and easy to use. Caffeine supports features such as cache data size, expiration time, and concurrency, which is very suitable for scenarios that require high application response speed and reduced latency.

2. Distributed caching

Distributed caching refers to distributing data to multiple computers and using distributed algorithms to ensure the consistency and reliability of the data. Commonly used distributed caching technologies include Redis, Memcached and Hazelcast.

Redis is a popular open source distributed caching technology that provides multiple data structures and flexible configuration options. Redis supports elimination strategies such as cached data expiration time, first-in-first-out (FIFO), and least recently used (LRU), and is suitable for applications with high concurrency and high-speed reading and writing.

Memcached is a high-performance distributed memory object caching system that allows multiple applications to share data over the network. Memcached supports features such as caching large objects and optimizing read and write performance, and is suitable for large-scale web applications that require fast reading and caching of data.

Hazelcast is an open source distributed in-memory data grid system for building distributed applications and caching. Hazelcast supports multiple data structures, persistence, scalability and other features, and is suitable for applications that need to quickly process massive data and ensure high availability.

3. Comparison between stand-alone cache and distributed cache

There are many differences between stand-alone cache and distributed cache, mainly including the following aspects:

1. Scope: Single-machine caching is suitable for small applications and small to medium-sized Web applications on a single computer, while distributed caching is suitable for applications of any size on multiple computers.
2. Performance: The performance of single-machine cache is better than distributed cache, because single-machine cache does not need to go through the process of network transmission and data synchronization.
3. Reliability: The reliability of distributed cache is higher than that of single-machine cache, because distributed cache uses redundant backup and data synchronization to ensure data integrity and reliability.
4. Management: Stand-alone cache is easier to manage than distributed cache, because stand-alone cache only needs to manage the cache data on a single computer.
5. Scalability: Distributed cache is more scalable than stand-alone cache because distributed cache can handle more data and requests by adding computer nodes.

4. Application of Java caching technology

Java caching technology plays an important role in Web applications and can improve the performance and efficiency of applications. Commonly used Java caching technologies include Ehcache, Guava Cache, Caffeine, Redis, Memcached and Hazelcast, etc.

When selecting Java caching technology, comprehensive considerations need to be made based on the size of the application, performance requirements, and reliability requirements. For small applications and small to medium-sized web applications on a single computer, you can choose stand-alone caching technologies such as Ehcache, Guava Cache, or Caffeine. For applications that need to handle large-scale data and high concurrent requests, you can choose distributed caching technologies such as Redis, Memcached, or Hazelcast.

In summary, stand-alone caching and distributed caching are two common methods in Java caching technology. They each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Choosing and applying them according to the actual situation of the application can effectively improve the performance and efficiency of the application.

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