Using Mysql master-slave replication in ThinkPHP6

With the continuous expansion of business, the pressure of database reading and writing is increasing. A single database node can no longer meet business needs. Therefore, a master-slave replication mechanism is introduced to improve data efficiency by splitting data into multiple nodes. Database reading and writing efficiency.

ThinkPHP6 is a lightweight PHP framework that provides a simple and easy-to-use Mysql master-slave replication mechanism to help developers better handle database read and write pressure.

This article will introduce how to use the Mysql master-slave replication mechanism in ThinkPHP6.

1. Install dependencies

Before using the Mysql master-slave replication mechanism, we need to install the relevant dependency packages, including:

1, php7.1 and above

2. php pdo_mysql extension

3. redis extension (if you need to use Redis components)

If you have already installed the above dependency packages, you can skip this step.

2. Configure the database

Before performing master-slave replication, we need to configure the database first. Database information can be configured in the config/database.php file in the application root directory. For example:

return [
    // 默认使用的数据库连接配置
    'default' => env('database.driver', 'mysql'),

    // 数据库连接配置
    'connections' => [

        // mysql主从配置
        'mysql' => [
            'type' => 'mysql',
            'hostname' => '127.0.0.1',
            'database' => 'test',
            'username' => 'root',
            'password' => '123456',
            'hostport' => '3306',
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'prefix' => '',
            'debug' => true,
            'deploy' => [
                'type' => 'multiple',
                'ro' => [
                    ['hostname' => '127.0.0.1', 'database' => 'test', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => '123456', 'hostport' => '3307', 'charset' => 'utf8mb4',],
                    //['hostname' => '127.0.0.2', 'database' => 'test', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => '123456', 'hostport' => '3307', 'charset' => 'utf8mb4',],
                ],
                'rw_separate' => true,
            ],
        ],

        // 更多的数据库连接配置
    ],
];

In the above configuration, we defined a database connection named mysql. Among them, type represents the database type, hostname represents the database server address, database represents the database name, username represents the database username, password represents the database password, hostport represents the database port, charset represents the character set, prefix represents the data table prefix, and debug represents whether to enable debugging. Mode, deploy represents the deployment configuration of the master-slave replication mechanism.

In deploy, we define the deployment method of master-slave replication. The type attribute is multiple to indicate the use of multi-node deployment. ro represents a read-only node, and rw_separate represents read-write separation.

It should be noted that if you need to use the master-slave replication mechanism, you need to configure master-slave replication in mysql. For specific configuration, please refer to the mysql documentation.

3. Using Mysql master-slave replication

Taking query data as an example, we can use the following methods to implement the master-slave replication mechanism:

use thinkacadeDb;

// 从库查询
$res = Db::connect('mysql')->query("SELECT * FROM user", true);
// 主库查询
$res = Db::connect('mysql')->master()->query("SELECT * FROM user", true);

In the above code, we first Use the connect method of the Db class to connect to the mysql database, and then use the query method to query the data. Master-slave replication is achieved by specifying the connection name in the connect method. When the master-slave is not specified, the slave database is used for query by default. When the master method is used to specify the main library, the main library is queried.

We can also specify the type of read and write operations before operating the database, for example:

use thinkacadeDb;

// 读操作，自动选择从库
Db::connect('mysql')->read();
// 写操作，选择主库
Db::connect('mysql')->write();

Through the above method, we can easily use the Mysql master-slave replication mechanism to improve database reading Writing efficiency.

4. Use Redis components to cache query results

In addition to using the Mysql master-slave replication mechanism, we can also use Redis components to cache query results. Related configurations can be made in config/cache.php:

return [
    'default' => env('cache.driver', 'file'),
    'prefix' => '',
    'stores' => [
        'redis' => [
            'type' => 'redis',
            'host' => '127.0.0.1',
            'port' => 6379,
            'password' => '',
            'select' => 0,
            'timeout' => 0,
            'expire' => 0,
            'persistent' => false,
            'prefix' => '',
            'serialize' => true,
        ],
    ],
];

In the above configuration, we defined a cache named redis. Among them, type represents the cache type, host represents the cache server address, port represents the cache server port, password represents the cache server password, and so on. When using Redis cache, we can use the cache method to cache when querying data, for example:

use thinkacadeDb;

// 使用Redis缓存，缓存60秒
$res = Db::connect('mysql')->cache('user_cache', 60)->query("SELECT * FROM user", true);

In the above code, we use the cache method to cache the query results, where user_cache is the cache key and 60 is Cache time in seconds.

Through the above methods, we can better handle database read and write pressure and improve website performance.

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