PHP缓存机制Output Control详解_PHP
在php5.2版本的配置中,默认output_buffering为关闭状态,因此运行下面三行代码将会出现一个警告:
Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent
echo 'hello1'; header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); echo 'hello2';
开启OB缓存的方式有如下两种:
1. php.ini中开启 output_buffering = 4096
启用了此指令,那么每个PHP脚本都相当于一开始就调用了ob_start()函数,PHP5.5默认已开启output_buffering = 4096
2. 直接在程序中使用 ob_start();
打开输出缓冲。当输出缓冲激活后,脚本将不会输出内容(除http标头外),相反需要输出的内容被存储在内部缓冲区中。
内部缓冲区的内容可以用 ob_get_contents() 函数复制到一个字符串变量中。 想要输出存储在内部缓冲区中的内容,可以使用 ob_end_flush() 函数。另外, 使用 ob_end_clean() 函数会静默丢弃掉缓冲区的内容。
/** * output_buffering = off 情况下测试 */ ob_start(); //开启ob缓存 echo 'hello1'; //存入ob缓存 header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8');//存入程序缓存 //ob_end_clean(); //清空ob缓存,并关闭ob缓存 echo 'hello2'; //存入ob缓存 $str = ob_get_contents(); //返回ob缓存的数据(不清除缓冲内容) file_put_contents('ob.txt', $str); //把$str保存到文件 //ob_clean(); //清空ob缓存 echo 'hello3'; //存入ob缓存 echo 'hello4'; //存入ob缓存 /* 此脚本将生成ob.txt文件,存入hello1hello2,浏览器输出hello1hello2hello3hello4 */ /* 若ob_clean()注释打开,那么生成的ob.txt文件中将没有内容,浏览器输出hello3hello4 */ /* 若ob_end_clean()注释打开,那么ob.txt中依然没有内容,因为关闭了ob缓存,浏览器输出hello2hello3hello4 */
ob_flush() 与 ob_end_flush() 例子:
ob_start(); echo 'abc';//存入ob缓存 header('content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8'); //存入程序缓存 echo 'hello'; //存入ob缓存 ob_flush();//将ob缓存中的内容输出到程序缓存,清空ob缓存,不关闭ob缓存 //ob_end_flush() //将ob缓存中的内容输出到程序缓存,清空ob缓存,关闭ob缓存 echo 'aa'; //存入ob缓存 echo ob_get_contents(); /* 最后输出abchelloaaaa */ /* 注释ob_flush,打开ob_end_flush,最后输出abchelloaa */
注意:
在output_buffering = 4096开启的情况下,ob_end_clean()只关闭一次ob缓存(即ob_start开启的),系统的并未关闭。
ob_end_flush()同理。
OB缓存的运行原理/原则:
1. ob缓存打开,echo的数据首先放入ob缓存
2. 如果是header信息,直接放在程序缓存
3. 当页面执行到最后,会把ob缓存的数据放到程序缓存,然后一次返回给浏览器
最后还有一个flush(); 强制刷新PHP程序缓存到浏览器缓存。
特性:一些版本的 Microsoft Internet Explorer 只有当接受到的256个字节以后才开始显示该页面,所以必须发送一些额外的空格来让这些浏览器显示页面内容。
echo str_repeat('', 1024);//重复输出多个字符(解决浏览器缓存256字节之后再输出的情况) for($i=0; $i < 5; $i++) { echo $i; flush(); //强制刷新程序缓存到浏览器缓存 sleep(1); //休眠1秒钟,http连接未断开,每隔1秒输出$i }

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