Using permission control technology in ThinkPHP6

Permission control technology is increasingly important in modern web application development. It helps developers manage user permissions, control data access, and protect system security. ThinkPHP6 is a powerful PHP framework that provides a variety of permission control technologies. This article will introduce some of them.

1. Authentication and Authorization

In ThinkPHP6, authentication and authorization are two different concepts. Authentication usually refers to verifying the user's identity and determining whether the user is legitimate. Authorization refers to granting users permission to access specific resources. ThinkPHP6 provides the Auth component to implement authentication and authorization functions.

The Auth component needs to define the relationship between users, roles, and permissions in the configuration file, and perform authentication and authorization by calling the methods of the Auth class. The specific steps are as follows:

(1) Define the relationship

Define the relationship between users, roles and permissions in the configuration file, for example:

'auth' => [

'auth_on' => true, // 认证开关
'auth_type' => 1, // 认证方式，1为实时认证；2为登录认证。
'auth_group' => 'auth_group', // 用户组数据表名
'auth_group_access' => 'auth_group_access', // 用户-用户组关系表
'auth_rule' => 'auth_rule', // 权限规则表
'auth_user' => 'admin_user', // 用户信息表

],

In the above code, the 'auth_on' switch is set to true to enable the authentication function, and 'auth_type' is set to 1 to use real-time authentication. Next, the names of four tables are defined, namely user groups, user-user group relationships, permission rules, and user information.

(2) Authentication user

Use the check method of the Auth class for user authentication. For example:

use think acadeAuth;

// Authentication user
if (Auth::check($username, $password)) {

// 认证通过

} else {

// 认证失败

}

In the above code, $username and $password are the username and password entered by the user respectively. The Auth::check method returns the authentication result. If the authentication passes, it returns true, otherwise it returns false.

(3) Authorized access

Before authorized access, the role and permissions of the currently logged in user need to be saved in the Session. For example:

use think acadeSession;
use think acadeRequest;
use think acadeAuth;

// Save the current user role and permissions
$user = Auth::user ();
$groups = Auth::getGroups($user['id']);
$rules = Auth::getRules($user['id']);
Session::set ('user_groups', $groups);
Session::set('user_rules', $rules);

Next, use the check method of the Auth class in the Controller to determine whether the user has access rights. For example:

use think acadeSession;
use think acadeRequest;
use think acadeAuth;

// Determine user permissions
$user = Session::get('user ');
$groups = Session::get('user_groups');
$rules = Session::get('user_rules');
if (Auth::check(Request::path( ), $groups, $rules)) {

// 用户有访问权限

} else {

// 用户无访问权限

}

In the above code, Request::path() obtains the current request URL address; $groups and $rules are the roles and permissions of the current user respectively. The Auth::check method determines whether the user has access rights. If so, it returns true, otherwise it returns false.

2. RBAC

RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) is a role-based access control technology that separates user roles and permissions, and users obtain permissions through roles. . ThinkPHP6 provides the RBAC extension module, which can easily implement role-based access control.

(1) Install the RBAC extension module

It is very convenient to install the RBAC extension module in ThinkPHP6. You only need to run the following command in the command line:

composer require jiaming/admin -rbac

(2) Create database table

Run the following command to create the required database table:

php think migrate:run --seed /vendor/jiaming/admin -rbac/database/migrations

(3) Using RBAC

Using the RBAC extension module requires defining roles, permissions, resources and rules. In ThinkPHP6, RBAC related configuration items need to be defined in config/auth.php, for example:

'auth' => [

// ...
'auth_type' => 'rbac',
'rbac' => [
    'role_table' => 'admin_role',
    'user_table' => 'admin_user',
    'access_table' => 'admin_access',
    'node_table' => 'admin_node',
    'role_user_table' => 'admin_role_user',
],

],

in In the above code, 'auth_type' is set to 'rbac', which means the RBAC authorization method is used, and the related data table name is defined.

Next, you need to initialize RBAC in the Controller, for example:

use jiamingAdminRbacRbac;

class Index extends Controller
{

public function index()
{
    // 初始化RBAC
    Rbac::init();
    // ...
}

}

In the above code, the Rbac::init method is called to initialize RBAC.

Finally, perform access control in the Controller, for example:

use jiamingAdminRbacRbac;

class Index extends Controller
{

public function index()
{
    // 初始化RBAC
    Rbac::init();
    // 判断用户权限
    if (!Rbac::can('index/index/index')) {
        $this->error('您没有访问权限！');
    }
    // ...
}

}

In the above code, the Rbac::can method determines whether the current user has permission to access index/index/index.

Summary

Permission control technology is an important aspect in modern web application development and can protect system security and user data. In ThinkPHP6, different permission control methods can be used, including authentication and authorization, RBAC, etc. Choosing an appropriate permission control method based on application requirements and development costs can improve development efficiency and application security.

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