Create efficient web applications with ThinkPHP6

With the widespread use of web applications, more and more developers are looking for an efficient and fast way to build their applications. In recent years, ThinkPHP6, as an excellent PHP framework, has gradually become the leader in the entire field.

In this article, we will introduce how to use ThinkPHP6 to create efficient web applications, allowing you to easily cope with various challenges in your business.

1. Introduction to ThinkPHP6

ThinkPHP6 is a lightweight, high-performance PHP framework that provides developers with a wealth of tools and functions to help develop to quickly build web applications. It has a complete MVC architecture, multiple template engines, caching mechanisms, ORM, Db, Session and many other tools, and all support dependency injection.

ThinkPHP6 not only supports object-oriented programming, but also functional programming, and can also support features such as chain calls. At the same time, it has very complete documentation and community support, which can quickly help developers learn and get started.

2. Install ThinkPHP6

Before starting development, we need to install ThinkPHP6 first.

First, we need to install ThinkPHP6 through Composer:

composer create-project topthink/think myapp 6.0.*-dev

After the installation is completed, we can start development in the myapp directory.

3. Create your first ThinkPHP6 application

ThinkPHP6 provides a command line tool that can help us quickly create applications. We only need to enter in the command line:

php think create:app myapp

where, myapp is the name of the application we want to create.

Next, we need to create a database.php file in the config directory and write the following content:

<?php
return [
    // 数据库类型
    'type'            => 'mysql',
    // 数据库连接DSN配置
    'dsn'             => '',
    // 服务器地址
    'hostname'        => '127.0.0.1',
    // 数据库名
    'database'        => 'test',
    // 数据库用户名
    'username'        => 'root',
    // 数据库密码
    'password'        => '',
    // 数据库连接端口
    'hostport'        => '',
    // 数据库连接参数
    'params'          => [],
    // 数据库编码默认采用utf8
    'charset'         => 'utf8mb4',
    // 数据库表前缀
    'prefix'          => '',
    // 数据库调试模式
    'debug'           => true,
    // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器)
    'deploy'          => 0,
    // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效
    'rw_separate'     => false,
    // 读写分离后 主服务器数量
    'master_num'      => 1,
    // 指定从服务器序号
    'slave_no'        => '',
    // 是否严格检查字段是否存在
    'fields_strict'   => true,
    // 数据集返回类型
    'resultset_type'  => 'array',
    // 自动写入时间戳字段
    'auto_timestamp'  => false,
    // 开启断线重连
    'break_reconnect' => true,
    // 记录SQL日志
    'sql_log'         => true,
];

After creating the config file, we can start writing our first Controller, we can create an Index.php file in the app/controller directory and write the following content:

<?php
namespace appcontroller;

class Index
{
    public function index()
    {
        return 'Welcome to ThinkPHP6!';
    }
}

Next, we need to define the mapping of the controller in the routing. We can add the following content to the app/route.php file:

<?php
use thinkacadeRoute;
Route::get('/', 'Index/index');

Finally, we can start the application from the command line:

php think run

Visit http://localhost in the browser: 8000/ to see the "Welcome to ThinkPHP6!" message.

4. Use ThinkPHP6 for multi-language support

Multi-language support is an essential feature in a Web application. ThinkPHP6 provides us with a very convenient way to support multiple languages, allowing us to easily handle multi-language issues.

First, we need to create a lang.php file in the config directory, which defines the language types supported by our application and the corresponding language pack files:

<?php
return [
    // 默认语言
    'default_lang'    => 'zh-cn',
    // 支持的语言列表
    'support_langs'   => [
        'zh-cn',
        'en-us',
    ],
    // 语言包目录
    'lang_pack_path'  => app_path() . 'lang',
];

After defining After adding our language support, we also need to create the corresponding language pack file. We can create two folders in the app/lang directory: zh-cn and en-us to place Chinese and English language pack files respectively.

In the language pack file, we can define various error prompts, prompt information, etc. For example, create the messages.php file in the zh-cn directory and write the following content:

<?php
return [
    'welcome' => '欢迎来到ThinkPHP6!',
];

Then, in our controller, we can call the Lang::get() function to get what we need Multilingual information. For example, we can write our controller like this:

<?php
namespace appcontroller;

use thinkacadeLang;

class Index
{
    public function index()
    {
        return Lang::get('welcome');
    }
}

When we access the application in the browser, the current language type will be automatically determined based on the Accept-Language parameter in the request header, and the corresponding Multilingual information.

5. Use ThinkPHP6 for caching operations

Caching technology is an essential feature in a Web application, which can make our application respond more quickly. ThinkPHP6 can provide us with a comprehensive caching mechanism, allowing us to deal with caching issues more conveniently.

First, we need to create a cache.php file in the config directory, which defines the cache configuration that we need to use in our application:

<?php
return [
    // 默认缓存驱动
    'default' => 'file',
    'stores'  => [
        // 文件缓存
        'file'  => [
            // 驱动方式
            'type'       => 'File',
            // 缓存保存目录
            'path'       => app()->getRuntimePath() . 'cache',
            // 缓存前缀
            'prefix'     => '',
            // 缓存有效期（0表示永久有效）
            'expire'     => 0,
            // 缓存标签前缀
            'tag_prefix' => 'tag:',
        ],
        // Redis缓存
        'redis' => [
            // 驱动方式
            'type'       => 'redis',
            // 服务器地址
            'host'       => '127.0.0.1',
            // 服务器端口
            'port'       => 6379,
            // 密码
            'password'   => '',
            // 数据库
            'select'     => 0,
            // 缓存有效期
            'expire'     => 0,
            // 缓存前缀
            'prefix'     => '',
            // 缓存标签前缀
            'tag_prefix' => 'tag:',
        ],
    ],
];

After defining the cache configuration , we can use the Cache class to perform caching operations.

For example, we can cache a piece of information for 10 seconds:

<?php
use thinkacadeCache;

// 写入缓存
Cache::set('hello', 'world', 10);

// 读取缓存
echo Cache::get('hello');

We can also perform tag operations on the cache, for example:

<?php
use thinkacadeCache;

// 写入缓存，并打上标签
Cache::tag('mytag')->set('hello', 'world');

// 根据标签清除缓存
Cache::tag('mytag')->clear();

6. Use ThinkPHP6 ORM operation

ORM technology is one of the most powerful technologies in web application development. It can help us simplify database operations and improve work efficiency.

ThinkPHP6 also provides us with the ORM function of Out Of The Box, allowing us to use PHP for database operations.

First, we need to create a database.php file in the config directory, which defines the database configuration that we need to use in our application:

<?php
return [
    // 数据库类型
    'type'            => 'mysql',
    // 数据库连接DSN配置
    'dsn'             => '',
    // 服务器地址
    'hostname'        => '127.0.0.1',
    // 数据库名
    'database'        => 'test',
    // 数据库用户名
    'username'        => 'root',
    // 数据库密码
    'password'        => '',
    // 数据库连接端口
    'hostport'        => '',
    // 数据库连接参数
    'params'          => [],
    // 数据库编码默认采用utf8
    'charset'         => 'utf8mb4',
    // 数据库表前缀
    'prefix'          => '',
    // 数据库调试模式
    'debug'           => true,
    // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器)
    'deploy'          => 0,
    // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效
    'rw_separate'     => false,
    // 读写分离后 主服务器数量
    'master_num'      => 1,
    // 指定从服务器序号
    'slave_no'        => '',
    // 是否严格检查字段是否存在
    'fields_strict'   => true,
    // 数据集返回类型
    'resultset_type'  => 'array',
    // 自动写入时间戳字段
    'auto_timestamp'  => false,
    // 开启断线重连
    'break_reconnect' => true,
    // 记录SQL日志
    'sql_log'         => true,
];

After defining the database configuration , we can use model classes to perform ORM operations. For example, we can create a User model class to correspond to the users in our database table:

<?php
namespace appmodel;

use thinkModel;

class User extends Model
{

}

Then, we can use the model class to perform various operations on the database. For example, we can add a new user record:

<?php
use appmodelUser;

// 新增一条用户记录
$user = new User;
$user->username = 'test';
$user->password = 'test';
$user->save();

We can also query a user record:

<?php
use appmodelUser;

// 查询一条用户记录
$user = User::where('username', 'test')->find();

Of course, in addition to basic addition, deletion, modification and query, we can also perform more complex Database operations, such as transaction processing, etc.

Summarize

In this article, we explain how to carry out efficient web application development by introducing ThinkPHP6. We started with basic installation and introduced step by step how to use ThinkPHP6 for multi-language support, cache operations, ORM operations, etc.

Of course, in addition to the above features, ThinkPHP6 can also provide us with more convenient features. I hope this article can help you better understand ThinkPHP6 and how to develop efficient web applications.

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