PHP regular expression in action: matching XML tags
PHP正则表达式实战:匹配XML标签
在XML文件中,标签对是XML的重要组成部分,一般用于表示元素的开始和结束。在PHP中,我们可以使用正则表达式来匹配这些标签对,以便于处理XML文件并提取其中的信息。
- 匹配单个标签
首先,我们来看一下如何匹配单个标签。XML标签一般包含两部分,即标签名和属性列表。标签名通常用字母和数字组成,而属性列表则由多个属性组成,每个属性由属性名和属性值组成,属性名和属性值之间用等号连接且需要加上引号。
下面是一个简单的XML标签的例子:
<book id="1">PHP Programming</book>
我们来编写一个正则表达式来匹配这个标签:
$pattern = "/<(w+)[^>]*>(.*?)</\1>/s";
这个正则表达式实现了以下功能:
<(w+)[^>]*>
:匹配标签开始部分,其中w+
匹配标签名,[^>]*
匹配属性列表。(.*?)
:非贪婪地匹配标签内容。</\1>
:匹配标签结束部分,指代标签名,也就是前面的
w+
。
使用preg_match()
函数可以对XML标签进行匹配:
$tag = "<book id='1'>PHP Programming</book>"; preg_match($pattern, $tag, $matches); print_r($matches);
输出结果如下:
Array ( [0] => <book id='1'>PHP Programming</book> [1] => book [2] => PHP Programming )
这个结果显示了我们成功地匹配了标签,并且成功提取了标签名和标签内容。
- 匹配包含属性的标签
接下来,我们来看一下如何匹配包含属性的标签。这种标签的格式与上面的标签相似,但是有一些属性需要被匹配。
下面是一个包含属性的XML标签的例子:
<book id="1" author="John" price="15.00">PHP Programming</book>
我们来编写一个正则表达式来匹配这个标签:
$pattern = "/<(w+)((?:s+w+(?:s*=s*(?:".*?"|'.*?'|[^'">s]+))?)+s*|s*)/?>/s";
这个正则表达式实现了以下功能:
<(w+)
:匹配标签开始部分,其中w+
匹配标签名。((?:s+w+(?:s*=s*(?:".*?"|'.*?'|[^'">s]+))?)+s*|s*)
:匹配属性列表。(?:".*?"|'.*?'|[^'">s]+)
:匹配属性值。/?>
:匹配标签的结束部分,因为有些标签是自闭合的。
使用preg_match_all()
函数可以对XML标签进行匹配:
$tag = "<book id='1' author='John' price='15.00'>PHP Programming</book>"; preg_match_all($pattern, $tag, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER); print_r($matches);
输出结果如下:
Array ( [0] => Array ( [0] => <book id='1' author='John' price='15.00'> [1] => book [2] => id='1' author='John' price='15.00' ) )
这个结果显示了我们成功地匹配了标签,并成功提取了标签名和属性列表。
- 总结
使用正则表达式来匹配XML标签对可以帮助我们处理XML文件并提取其中的信息。在PHP中,我们可以通过正则表达式匹配XML标签,并提取标签名,内容和属性列表。通过掌握这些技巧,我们可以更加高效地处理XML文件,提高开发效率。
The above is the detailed content of PHP regular expression in action: matching XML tags. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.
