How to use Golang to implement web data visualization

With the development of the Internet, data has increasingly become the focus of people's attention. In practice, we need to visualize data for better analysis and learning. This article will introduce how to use Golang to write web applications and use visualization libraries to achieve data visualization.

1. Introduction to Golang

Golang is a programming language developed by Google. Its design goal is to improve the development efficiency and maintainability of programs. Golang is a strongly typed, statically compiled language with concurrency and garbage collection. It is widely used in server-side programming, cloud computing, and web application development.

2. Web Application Development

When writing web applications using Golang, we need to use a web framework. Commonly used web frameworks include: Gin, Echo, Beego, etc. In this article, we will use the Gin framework as an example to demonstrate. First, we need to install the Gin framework and other necessary dependencies. Just enter the following command in the console:

go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin

Next, we need to write a simple web application. Use the following command in the console to create a file named "main.go":

touch main.go

Open the created "main.go" file and enter the following code:

package main

import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"

func main() {

r := gin.Default()
r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
    c.JSON(200, gin.H{
        "message": "Hello World!",
    })
})
r.Run()

}

at In the code, we use the Default method of the gin package to create a gin engine r. Then, we use the GET method to define a route. When we access the root path "/", a JSON message of "Hello World!" will be returned. Finally, we start the web application using the Run method. Enter the following command in the console to run the web application:

go run main.go

Then we can access "http://localhost:8080/" in the browser and see output information.

3. Data Visualization

With the basic knowledge of web applications, we can start visualizing data using visualization libraries. Commonly used visualization libraries include: Chart.js, D3.js, Echarts, etc. In this article, we will use Chart.js as an example to demonstrate. First, we need to install the Chart.js library. Just enter the following command in the console:

npm install chart.js --save

Next, we need to modify the previous program to introduce the Chart.js library. Open the "main.go" file and modify the code as follows:

package main

import (

"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"net/http"

)

func main() {

r := gin.Default()
r.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/*")
r.GET("/", func(c *gin.Context) {
    c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.tmpl", gin.H{})
})
r.Run(":8080")

}

In the code, we first use the LoadHTMLGlob method to specify the path to the template file. We then rendered an HTML template called "index.tmpl" using HTML methods and passed the data into the template. In the template, we can use the Chart.js library for data visualization. Use the following command in the console to create a file named "index.tmpl":

touch templates/index.tmpl

Open the created "index.tmpl" file and enter the following code:

<title>Chart.js Example</title>
<script src="/js/chart.min.js"></script>

<canvas id="myChart"></canvas>
<script>
    var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart").getContext('2d');
    var myChart = new Chart(ctx, {
        type: 'bar',
        data: {
            labels: ["Red", "Blue", "Yellow", "Green", "Purple", "Orange"],
            datasets: [{
                label: '# of Votes',
                data: [12, 19, 3, 5, 2, 3],
                backgroundColor: [
                    'rgba(255, 99, 132, 0.2)',
                    'rgba(54, 162, 235, 0.2)',
                    'rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.2)',
                    'rgba(75, 192, 192, 0.2)',
                    'rgba(153, 102, 255, 0.2)',
                    'rgba(255, 159, 64, 0.2)'
                ],
                borderColor: [
                    'rgba(255, 99, 132, 1)',
                    'rgba(54, 162, 235, 1)',
                    'rgba(255, 206, 86, 1)',
                    'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)',
                    'rgba(153, 102, 255, 1)',
                    'rgba(255, 159, 64, 1)'
                ],
                borderWidth: 1
            }]
        },
        options: {
            scales: {
                yAxes: [{
                    ticks: {
                        beginAtZero: true
                    }
                }]
            }
        }
    });
</script>

In the code, we use the Chart.js library in the HTML page so that the chart can be drawn in the canvas. In this example, we draw a histogram. We can get some data in the backend program and pass them to the frontend. We can then use this data in HTML templates for visual operations.

4. Conclusion

In this article, we introduced how to write a web application using Golang and implement data visualization using the Chart.js library. Although the code examples in this article are relatively simple, they can help us understand how to start using Golang for web development and learn how to combine visualization libraries to achieve data visualization.

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