How to implement web data encryption using Golang

With the development of web applications, data encryption is becoming more and more important. When users use web applications, the data they submit needs to be encrypted and transmitted to the server to avoid being intercepted and stolen by malicious parties. Golang is a popular programming language that provides powerful encryption and decryption capabilities. This article will introduce how to use Golang to implement Web data encryption.

1. Use Golang encryption algorithm

1. AES encryption algorithm

When using Golang for Web data encryption, the most commonly used algorithm is the AES encryption algorithm . The AES algorithm is a symmetric encryption algorithm that uses the same key for encryption and decryption. When encrypting using the AES algorithm, the key length must be 16, 24 or 32 bytes. The following is the code on how to implement AES encryption using Golang:

import (
    "crypto/aes"
    "crypto/cipher"
    "encoding/base64"
    "fmt"
)

func AESEncrypt(origData []byte, key []byte) (string, error) {
    block, err := aes.NewCipher(key)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }
    blockSize := block.BlockSize()
    origData = PKCS5Padding(origData, blockSize)
    blockMode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, key[:blockSize])
    cipherText := make([]byte, len(origData))
    blockMode.CryptBlocks(cipherText, origData)
    return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(cipherText), nil
}

func PKCS5Padding(ciphertext []byte, blockSize int) []byte {
    padding := blockSize - len(ciphertext)%blockSize
    padtext := bytes.Repeat([]byte{byte(padding)}, padding)
    return append(ciphertext, padtext...)
}

In the above code, we use the AES algorithm and PKCS5Padding function. The PKCS5Padding function is used to pad the plaintext to meet the block size requirements using the AES algorithm. We then use CBCEncrypter to encrypt the padded plaintext into ciphertext. Finally, the ciphertext is base64-encoded for transmission.

2. RSA encryption algorithm

RSA encryption algorithm is an asymmetric encryption algorithm that uses the public key to encrypt data and the private key to decrypt the data. When encrypting using the RSA algorithm, the public key and private key are a pair. Here is the code on how to implement RSA encryption using Golang:

import (
    "crypto/rand"
    "crypto/rsa"
    "crypto/x509"
    "encoding/base64"
    "encoding/pem"
    "fmt"
)

func RSAEncrypt(origData []byte, publicKey []byte) (string, error) {
    block, _ := pem.Decode(publicKey)
    if block == nil {
        return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to decode public key")
    }
    pubInterface, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(block.Bytes)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }
    pub := pubInterface.(*rsa.PublicKey)
    cipherText, err := rsa.EncryptPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, pub, origData)
    if err != nil {
        return "", err
    }
    return base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(cipherText), nil
}

In the above code, we pass the public key as a parameter to the RSAEncrypt function. In the function, we use PEM to decode the public key and parse it into the RSA.PublicKey type. We then use the EncryptPKCS1v15 function to encrypt the plaintext. Finally, the ciphertext is base64-encoded for transmission.

2. Using encryption algorithms in web applications

When you use Golang to write a web application, you can use Golang's net/http package to implement data encryption and decryption. Here is the code on how to use AES and RSA algorithms in a web application:

1. Encrypting requests using AES algorithm

import (
    "net/http"
)

func handleRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    key := []byte("1234567890123456") // AES key length must be 16, 24, or 32 bytes
    originalData := []byte("data to encrypt")

    cipherText, err := AESEncrypt(originalData, key)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    w.Write([]byte(cipherText))
}

In the above code, we first define An AES key. We then encrypt the original data and write the ciphertext to the response.

2. Encrypt the request using RSA algorithm

import (
    "net/http"
)

func handleRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    publicKey := []byte(`
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAJl4bGZ/9XIpC6wPqYCC9d/P/wjQM6FG
KmNl02Ax9zEgSU+luOKvaYKlEW6dFlEtJ93IvOnrs5uIVIDBsW0iO8CAwEAAQ==
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
`)

    originalData := []byte("data to encrypt")

    cipherText, err := RSAEncrypt(originalData, publicKey)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    w.Write([]byte(cipherText))
}

In the above code, we pass the public key as a parameter to the RSAEncrypt function. The RSAEncrypt function encrypts the original data using the public key and writes the ciphertext to the response.

3. Summary

Web data encryption is crucial to protect user data and prevent data from being stolen by malicious middlemen. When writing web applications using Golang, you can use AES and RSA algorithms to implement data encryption. Before the data is transmitted, the plaintext is encrypted into ciphertext and decrypted at the receiver. The sample code above demonstrates how to implement these operations using Golang.

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