How to use Swoole to implement custom protocol communication

With the rapid development of the Internet, the needs for network communication are becoming more and more diverse. Swoole is an event-driven network communication framework under the PHP language, which can help us achieve efficient network communication. In this article, we will learn how to use Swoole to implement custom protocol communication.

1. What is custom protocol communication

In network communication, both communicating parties need to abide by certain communication rules, which is the protocol. The protocol specifies the format of data transmission, data packet structure, communication process, etc. Common network protocols include HTTP, TCP, UDP, etc.

Custom protocol communication is to set a protocol that suits you according to your own needs. This allows for more efficient communication and makes it easy to implement your own business logic. For example, in game development, both communicating parties need to transmit a large amount of game status information. At this time, a custom protocol can be used to achieve efficient transmission.

2. Introduction to Swoole Framework

Swoole is a network communication framework under the PHP language. It is characterized by high performance, low cost, simplicity and ease of use, coroutine support, and asynchronous I/O. wait. Swoole supports a variety of communication protocols and encoding formats, including TCP, UDP, HTTP, WebSocket and Redis, etc. It can also be used to implement RPC, timer, process management and other functions. The core of Swoole is the event loop and asynchronous I/O, which can easily handle highly concurrent network requests.

3. Implementation of custom protocol communication

We take the TCP protocol as an example to implement custom protocol communication. In Swoole, you can create a TCP server through the swoole_server class. We need to set some parameters when starting the server, such as the listening IP address and port number.

$server = new SwooleServer('127.0.0.1', 9501);

Next, we need to define a message header to identify the type and length of each data packet. The format of the message header can be customized. Commonly used message header formats include:

1. Fixed header: The message header contains a fixed-length field used to indicate the length of the message body.

2. Variable length header: The message header contains a variable length field used to indicate the length of the message body.

We can choose the appropriate message header format according to our own needs. Here we choose fixed header format. The length of the message header is 4 bytes, used to indicate the length of the message body.

$server->set([
    'open_length_check' => true,
    'package_max_length' => 8192,
    'package_length_type' => 'N',
    'package_length_offset' => 0,
    'package_body_offset' => 4,
]);

Here, we use Swoole's message header processing function, including open_length_check to enable message header processing, package_max_length to represent the maximum length of the message body, package_length_type to represent the length type of the message header, generally N represents a 32-bit integer Type, package_length_offset represents the length offset of the message header, package_body_offset represents the offset of the message body, that is, the real message body starts from the 5th byte.

Next, we define two event handling functions, onConnect and onReceive. The onConnect function is triggered when the client connects, and the onReceive function is triggered when a client message is received.

$server->on('connect', function (SwooleServer $server, $fd) {
    echo "Client {$fd} connected
";
});

$server->on('receive', function (SwooleServer $server, $fd, $from_id, $data) {
    $body = substr($data, 4);
    $type = unpack('N', $data)[1];
    echo "Client {$fd} send message with type {$type}, body: {$body}
";
});

In the onReceive function, we extract the message type and message body and output them to the console.

Finally, we start the server.

$server->start();

At this point, we have successfully implemented a simple custom protocol communication program.

4. Summary

This article briefly introduces how to use the Swoole framework to implement custom protocol communication. By setting message headers, defining event processing functions, and starting the server, we can achieve efficient network communication according to our own needs. At the same time, the Swoole framework also provides functions such as asynchronous I/O and coroutine support, which can help us better handle high-concurrency network requests.

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