How to achieve high concurrent file upload in Swoole

With the rapid development of the Internet, various types of websites and applications continue to emerge, and among these websites and applications, file upload is a very important function. In the case of high concurrency, file upload often becomes the bottleneck of the server.

Swoole is a PHP network communication framework with the characteristics of high efficiency, stability, asynchronousness, and parallelism. It is widely used in high-concurrency and high-performance network servers. This article will introduce how to achieve high concurrent file upload in Swoole.

1. Traditional file upload method

The traditional file upload method is implemented through the HTTP protocol. When the client uploads a file, the browser sends an HTTP request containing the file to the server. After the server receives the request, it processes the file and saves it to the specified location.

There are several problems with this method:

1. The file upload speed is slow, because the HTTP protocol is based on the TCP protocol, and handshakes, unpacking, and Error checking and other operations, these operations will affect the upload speed.
2. Under high concurrency, the server is prone to bottlenecks, because each HTTP request requires server resources, and uploading large files at the same time consumes a lot of memory.
3. There is no encryption and verification mechanism during file transfer, and the security is relatively low.

2. Use Swoole to achieve high-concurrency file upload

1. Use Swoole's HTTP server

Swoole provides a high-performance HTTP server, we can use it instead of the traditional HTTP server. When using Swoole's HTTP server, we can separate uploading and processing, which can improve the concurrency of file uploads and store file data in memory, saving time in file reading and writing.

The following is the basic Swoole HTTP server code:

$server = new swoole_http_server("0.0.0.0", 9501);

$server->on('request', function ($request, $response) {
    $response->header("Content-Type", "text/plain");
    $response->end("Hello World
");
});

$server->start();

2. Using Swoole’s asynchronous upload

Swoole’s asynchronous upload method can greatly improve file uploads speed. The traditional file upload method uses synchronous IO. Each time you upload, you have to wait for the file reading or writing to be completed before continuing to upload. Asynchronous upload transfers the file reading or writing task to Swoole's asynchronous task execution. Continue uploading while the file is being read or written, increasing upload speeds.

The following is Swoole’s asynchronous upload code:

$server->on('request', function ($request, $response) use ($server) {
    if ($request->server['request_uri'] == '/upload') {
        $fileName = $request->files['file']['name'];

        $tmpName = $request->files['file']['tmp_name'];

        $fileData = [
            'mode' => 'a',
            'data' => '',
            'offset' => 0,
            'file' => null,
            'fd' => null,
        ];

        $fileData['fd'] = fopen($fileName, $fileData['mode']);
        $fileData['file'] = swoole_async_read($tmpName, function($filename, $content) use ($fileData, $request, $response) {
            $fileData['data'] .= $content;
            $fileData['offset'] += strlen($content);
            if ($fileData['offset'] == $request->header['content-length']) {
                fwrite($fileData['fd'], $fileData['data']);
                fclose($fileData['fd']);
                $response->end('Upload success');
            }
        });
    }
});

3. Using Swoole’s coroutine upload

Swoole’s coroutine upload can more conveniently implement files Upload. When using coroutine upload, we can use the coroutine mechanism provided by Swoole to asynchronousize file reading and writing tasks, thereby improving file upload speed.

The following is Swoole's coroutine upload code:

$server->on('request', function ($request, $response) use ($server) {
    if ($request->server['request_uri'] == '/upload') {
        $fileName = $request->files['file']['name'];
        $tmpName = $request->files['file']['tmp_name'];
 
        $content = file_get_contents($tmpName);
        go(function() use ($fileName, $content, $response) {
            file_put_contents($fileName, $content);
            $response->end('Upload success');
        });
    }
});

Summary:

In the case of high concurrency, file upload often becomes the bottleneck of the server. In traditional file uploading, In the upload method, the upload speed is slow, the security is low, and the server is prone to bottlenecks and other problems. Using Swoole, you can use asynchronous upload and coroutine upload, which can greatly increase the speed of file upload, and also improve the concurrency performance and security of the server.

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