Use PHP and MongoDB to implement NoSQL database to meet different user needs

NoSQL (Not Only SQL) database is a type of database that has developed rapidly in recent years. Compared with traditional relational databases, it has better scalability and performance, and supports more data types and data storage methods. . Among them, MongoDB is a NoSQL database that uses the document database model and is widely used in web applications, mobile applications, Internet of Things devices and other fields.

This article will introduce how to use PHP to write the basic operations of the MongoDB database, and demonstrate through examples how to meet the needs of different users.

1. Basic operations of MongoDB database

The MongoDB database adopts the document data model, and its basic data unit is a document (document), which is similar to a row (row) in a relational database. Each document can contain different types of data, such as strings, integers, booleans, arrays, dates, etc. Documents are represented in JSON format and stored in MongoDB collections.

1. Connect to MongoDB database

Before using MongoDB, you need to install the MongoDB driver extension. This can be achieved by setting the dl() function in PHP, or you can directly download the MongoDB extension and install it manually.

The code to connect to the MongoDB database is as follows:

<?php
$mongo_server = "mongodb://localhost:27017";
$mongo_connection = new MongoClient($mongo_server);
?>

Among them, $mongo_server is the connection string of the MongoDB database, and $mongo_connection is the connection object of MongoDB.

2. Select database and collection

Before using MongoDB, you need to select the database and collection you want to operate. The code for selecting the database is as follows:

<?php
$mongo_db = $mongo_connection->selectDB("mydb");
?>

Among them, $mongo_db is the selected database object, and mydb is the database name.

The code for selecting a collection is as follows:

<?php
$mongo_collection = $mongo_db->selectCollection("mycollection");
?>

Among them, $mongo_collection is the selected collection object, and mycollection is the collection name. If the collection does not exist, it will be created automatically.

3. Insert document

The code to insert a document using MongoDB is as follows:

<?php
$document = array(
   "title" => "MongoDB Tutorial",
   "description" => "This is a tutorial for MongoDB database",
   "by_user" => "John Doe",
   "url" => "http://www.mongodb.com",
   "tags" => array("mongodb", "database", "NoSQL"),
   "likes" => 100
);

$mongo_collection->insert($document);
?>

Among them, $document is the document to be inserted, which can contain multiple fields and values.

4. Query documents

The code for querying documents using MongoDB is as follows:

<?php
$criteria = array("likes" => array('$gt' => 50));
$cursor = $mongo_collection->find($criteria);
foreach($cursor as $document)
{
   echo $document["title"] . " - " . $document["url"] . "<br/>";
}
?>

Among them, $criteria is the filtering condition and $cursor is the returned query result set. To traverse the result set, you can use a foreach loop.

5. Update the document

The code for updating the document using MongoDB is as follows:

<?php
$criteria = array("title" => "MongoDB Tutorial");
$newdata = array('$set' => array("description" => "This is an updated tutorial"));
$mongo_collection->update($criteria, $newdata, array("multiple" => true));
?>

Among them, $criteria is the document filtering condition to be updated, and $newdata is the field to be updated. and value, the third parameter indicates whether to update multiple documents.

6. Delete documents

The code to delete documents using MongoDB is as follows:

<?php
$criteria = array("likes" => array('$lt' => 50));
$mongo_collection->remove($criteria);
?>

Among them, $criteria is the filtering condition of the document to be deleted.

2. Example Demonstration

According to the above basic operations, we can realize the needs of different users.

1. Ordinary user needs

Assume there is a book information management system that needs to implement the following functions:

(1) Add book information

(2 ) Query book information

(3) Update book information

(4) Delete book information

The users of this system are ordinary users and do not need to perform user login and permission control . The code to use MongoDB to achieve the above requirements is as follows:

<?php
$mongo_server = "mongodb://localhost:27017";
$mongo_connection = new MongoClient($mongo_server);
$mongo_db = $mongo_connection->selectDB("mydb");
$mongo_collection = $mongo_db->selectCollection("books");

//添加图书信息
$document = array(
   "title" => "PHP and MongoDB Web Development",
   "author" => "Jason",
   "publisher" => "O'Reilly Media",
   "ISBN" => "978-1491903037",
   "price" => 39.98,
   "pages" => 272
);
$mongo_collection->insert($document);

//查询图书信息
$criteria = array("price" => array('$lt' => 50));
$cursor = $mongo_collection->find($criteria);
foreach($cursor as $document)
{
   echo $document["title"] . " - " . $document["author"] . "<br/>";
}

//更新图书信息
$criteria = array("title" => "PHP and MongoDB Web Development");
$newdata = array('$set' => array("price" => 45.99));
$mongo_collection->update($criteria, $newdata, array("multiple" => true));

//删除图书信息
$criteria = array("ISBN" => "978-1491903037");
$mongo_collection->remove($criteria);
?>

2. Administrator requirements

Assume there is a blog management system that needs to implement the following functions:

(1) Add a blog

(2) Query blog list

(3) Edit blog

(4) Delete blog

Users of this system are divided into ordinary users and management Administrators need to log in and perform permission control. The code to implement the above functions using PHP and MongoDB is as follows:

<?php
$mongo_server = "mongodb://localhost:27017";
$mongo_connection = new MongoClient($mongo_server);
$mongo_db = $mongo_connection->selectDB("mydb");

//登录验证
$username = "admin";
$password = "admin";
$users_collection = $mongo_db->selectCollection("users");
$criteria = array("username" => $username, "password" => md5($password));
$user = $users_collection->findOne($criteria);
if(empty($user) || $user["role"] != "admin")
{
   echo "Access denied!";
   exit;
}

//选择博客集合
$blogs_collection = $mongo_db->selectCollection("blogs");

//添加博客
$blog = array(
   "title" => "MongoDB Tutorial",
   "content" => "This is a tutorial for MongoDB database"
);
$blogs_collection->insert($blog);

//查询博客列表
$cursor = $blogs_collection->find();
foreach($cursor as $blog)
{
   echo $blog["title"] . " - " . $blog["content"] . "<br/>";
}

//编辑博客
$criteria = array("title" => "MongoDB Tutorial");
$newdata = array('$set' => array("content" => "This is an updated tutorial"));
$blogs_collection->update($criteria, $newdata, array("multiple" => true));

//删除博客
$criteria = array("title" => "MongoDB Tutorial");
$blogs_collection->remove($criteria);
?>

Among them, $username and $password are the administrator's username and password, $users_collection is the user collection object, and $role is the user role.

3. Summary

This article introduces in detail the basic operations of using PHP and MongoDB to implement NoSQL database, and demonstrates how to meet the needs of different users through examples. The combination of PHP and MongoDB can provide efficient and scalable data storage solutions for development fields such as web applications, mobile applications, and Internet of Things devices.

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