How to use PHP-CPP to extend C++ functions in PHP

PHP is a server-side scripting language developed based on C language. Its syntax is simple and easy to learn, open source and free, stable in operation, and supports multiple databases. Therefore, it is widely used in the field of Web development. However, for some application scenarios that require low-level control or high-performance requirements, PHP's built-in function library obviously cannot meet the needs. At this time, we can enhance the functions of PHP through extensions, among which PHP-CPP is a very excellent C extension tool.

PHP-CPP is a C development library that can be used to extend C classes and functions into PHP. PHP-CPP uses object-oriented coding, and its library is very lightweight, easy to use and extend. Use PHP-CPP to access C code without manually writing C code. Integrating fast, high-performance code implemented in C into PHP scripts can provide powerful functionality for complex applications without reducing the readability of the script. and ease of use.

Below, we will introduce how to use PHP-CPP to extend C function steps:

Step 1: Install PHP-CPP

The installation of PHP-CPP is relatively simple, just need Just follow the steps below:

1. Download the PHP-CPP source code: You can download the latest version source code from the PHP-CPP official website (https://www.php-cpp.com/download) .

2. Unzip the source code.

3. Enter the decompressed folder and execute the following commands to compile and install. Among them, "phpize" specifies the PHP configuration file path, "./configure" is the command to compile the PHP-CPP extension, "make&&make install" is used to compile and install extensions.

/path/to/phpize
./configure --enable-<your-extension-name>
make && make install

4. Add the newly loaded module to the PHP configuration file (php.ini). First, add the following line in the configuration file, specifying the shared library file (.so) path for the extension.

extension=<your-extension-name>.so

Next, find "extension_dir" (the directory where the PHP extension file is located) in the configuration file, copy the extended shared library file to this directory, and then restart the PHP-FPM or Apache server, so that PHP The extension is ready to use.

Step 2: Write C extension

After installing PHP-CPP, you can write your own C extension. Here is a simple example of adding a function that calculates the Fibonacci sequence to a PHP library.

1. Create a new folder named "fibonacci" in the root directory of the project.

2. In the folder, create a new file named "fibonacci.cpp" and enter the following code:

#include <phpcpp.h>

/**
 * 计算斐波那契数列的函数
 */
Php::Value fibonacci(Php::Parameters &params)
{
    // 获取参数n的值
    int n = params[0];

    // 初始化斐波那契数列的前两个数
    int a = 0;
    int b = 1;

    // 循环计算斐波那契数列中第n项的值
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        int temp = b;
        b += a;
        a = temp;
    }

    // 返回斐波那契数列中第n项的值
    return a;
}

/**
 * 绑定函数
 */
extern "C" {
    PHPCPP_EXPORT void *get_module() {
        static Php::Extension extension("fibonacci", "1.0");
        extension.add<fibonacci>("fibonacci");

        return extension;
    }
}

3. Execute the following command to compile and install the extension:

/path/to/phpize
./configure --enable-fibonacci
make && make install

4. Call the function in PHP code:

<?php

// 加载扩展
extension_loaded('fibonacci');

// 调用函数
echo fibonacci(8); // 输出21

Step 3: Test the extension

After completing the above two steps, we can now call the C function through PHP . Next, we perform some simple tests to check that the extension is working properly.

1. Create a file named "test.php" on your computer and copy the following code into it:

<?php
require_once 'fibonacci.php';

echo fibonacci(10);

2. Open a terminal or command prompt and enter the file directory, execute the following command:

/path/to/php test.php

3. If the following output is displayed, the extension is working properly:

55

At this point, we have successfully used PHP-CPP to extend the C function. Through the PHP-CPP extension, we can quickly and easily extend the encapsulated C functions into PHP, which greatly improves the running efficiency of the script and also provides a broader exploration space for PHP development.

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