The logical process of Java development object-oriented programming (OOAD)

Java is widely used in object-oriented programming (OOAD). OOAD is an idea or method that establishes a connection between the real world and computer programs by abstracting real-world things into objects. This idea can improve developer efficiency, reduce code redundancy, and make programs easier to maintain and expand. This article will introduce the logical process of object-oriented programming in Java development.

1. Identify the problem

OOAD first needs to identify the problem, that is, the goals and requirements of the problem. To complete this process, developers need to develop a deep understanding of their users and target audience in order to determine the problem that needs to be solved and the end goal they wish to achieve.

2. Identify Objects

Once the problem is identified, developers can begin to identify the objects in the problem. In Java, an object can be viewed as a wrapper type with properties and methods. For example, in an employee management system, objects can be concepts such as employees and departments.

3. Definition class

Definition class is the core part of OOAD. A class is a template that describes the properties and methods of an object. In Java, developers define a class through the keyword "class". For example:

class Employee {
//Attribute definition
String name;
int age;
double salary;
//Method definition
void work() {

  System.out.println(name + " is working.");

}
}

In this example, "Employee" is a class with three attributes: name (a name of string type), age (an integer) type age) and salary (a double precision floating point type salary). In addition, it has a method called "work", which outputs the employee's name and indicates that the employee is working.

4. Building relationships

Building relationships is a crucial step, which describes the connections between different classes. There are three types of relationships in Java: inheritance, implementation and aggregation. Inheritance is a relationship between subclasses and superclasses that describes how one class extends the capabilities of another class through inheritance. For example:

class Manager extends Employee {
// Attribute definition
String department;
// Method definition
void manage() {

  System.out.println(name + " is managing " + department);

}
}

In this example, the Manager class inherits all properties and methods of the Employee class, and adds an attribute named department, which represents the department managed by the manager. The Manager class also has a method called "manage", which will output the name of the manager and the department he manages.

Implementation is a connection between an interface and a class. It describes how a class implements a given set of methods to meet the needs of an interface. For example:

interface Account {
// Method definition
double getBalance();
void deposit(double amount);
}

class SavingsAccount implements Account {
// Property definition
double balance;
// Method definition
public double getBalance() {

  return balance;

}
public void deposit(double amount) {

  balance += amount;

}
}

In this example, Account is an interface that defines two methods - "getBalance" and "deposit". The SavingsAccount class implements all methods of the Account interface and has a double-precision floating-point property called balance.

Aggregation is a connection between objects, which represents a whole composed of many parts. For example:

class Department {
// Attribute definition
String name;
List employees;
// Method definition
void addEmployee(Employee employee) {

  employees.add(employee);

}
}

In this example, the Department class has a property called "employees", which consists of many Employee objects. It also has a method called "addEmployee" which is used to add an Employee object to the employees list.

5. Writing the Code

Once the classes and relationships are determined, it’s time to start writing the code. Java code should be written in an object-oriented manner, especially when using OOAD. When writing OOAD code, it's a good practice to write methods or functions that are reusable and short.

6. Debugging and Testing

Finally, debugging and testing are critical parts of ensuring your code functions correctly. In Java applications, you can use a debugger to trace code and find errors. In addition, there are various testing frameworks and methods in Java that can help developers write test cases and test code.

In general, the logical process of object-oriented programming in Java development includes a series of steps such as identifying problems, identifying objects, defining classes, establishing relationships, writing code, debugging and testing. Understanding these steps can help developers write better Java code and improve code readability, maintainability, and scalability.

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