How to create a long-lasting MySQL connection?

How to create a long-lasting MySQL connection?

MySQL is a popular relational database management system widely used in web development and data storage. During the development process, good database connection management is one of the key factors to ensure system performance and stability. In order to maintain a long-term connection to the MySQL database, we need to take some measures to avoid connection loss or timeout. The following describes how to create and manage a long-lasting MySQL connection.

1. Use connection pool: The connection pool is a component that manages database connections. It can maintain a set of established connections and allocate them to applications when needed. This can reduce the number of connection establishment and closing times and improve connection utilization. When using the connection pool, we can set the minimum number of idle connections and the maximum number of connections, as well as the maximum connection survival time and other parameters to ensure that the connection is maintained for a long time.
2. Set the connection timeout: MySQL's default connection timeout is 8 hours. If we need to maintain the connection for a long time, we can extend the connection survival time by setting an appropriate timeout when the connection is established. You can use a statement similar to SET SESSION wait_timeout = 86400; to set the connection timeout to one day.
3. Use the heartbeat mechanism: The heartbeat mechanism is a mechanism to detect the connection status and keep the connection active by sending SQL statements or data packets regularly. If no heartbeat packet or heartbeat SQL response is received within a certain period of time, the connection has been disconnected and the connection can be re-established. You can use a statement similar to SELECT 1; as a heartbeat to keep the connection active.
4. Avoid long-term idle connections: Long-term idle connections are easily closed by the database server, causing connection loss. In order to avoid this from happening, we can regularly execute some lightweight SQL statements on the connection or send some empty data packets to ensure the activity of the connection. For example, you can use a statement similar to SELECT 1; or SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'version'; for heartbeat detection.
5. Handling disconnection situations: Although we try our best to keep the connection alive for a long time, the connection may still be disconnected due to various reasons. In order to handle the situation of disconnection, we can implement the corresponding reconnection mechanism in the application to automatically re-establish the connection when the connection is disconnected. In the official MySQL driver, callback functions for corresponding connection disconnection and reconnection events are usually provided, and reconnection logic can be implemented in these callback functions.

To summarize, creating and managing a long-lasting MySQL connection requires using a connection pool, setting the connection timeout, using a heartbeat mechanism, avoiding long-term idle connections, and handling disconnected connections. and other measures. Through these measures, we can maintain a long-term connection with the MySQL database and improve the performance and stability of the system.

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