How to set up highly available system monitoring on Linux

How to set up high-availability system monitoring on Linux

Introduction:
In the development of modern information technology and enterprise-level applications, system monitoring is a crucial part. By monitoring the system, we can grasp the operating status of the system in real time, discover potential problems, and take corresponding measures to repair them in a timely manner, thus improving the availability and stability of the system. This article will introduce how to set up high-availability system monitoring on Linux and provide relevant code examples.

1. Install monitoring software
Selecting the appropriate monitoring software is the first step. Common system monitoring software includes Zabbix, Nagios, Prometheus, etc. Here we take Zabbix as an example.

1. Download the Zabbix installation package:

   wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/5.2/zabbix-5.2.3.tar.gz

2. Unzip the installation package and enter the decompressed directory:

   tar -zxvf zabbix-5.2.3.tar.gz
   cd zabbix-5.2.3

3. Install compilation dependencies:

   sudo apt-get install build-essential

4. Run the configure script to configure:

   ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl

5. Compile and install:

   make
   sudo make install

2. Configure the monitoring and management interface
Setting up the monitoring and management interface can facilitate the management and monitoring of the system. The following is a code example for this step:

1. Create Zabbix database:

   mysql -uroot -p
   create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
   grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'password';
   flush privileges;
   exit;

2. Import database template:

   cd database/mysql/
   mysql -uroot -p zabbix < schema.sql
   mysql -uroot -p zabbix < images.sql
   mysql -uroot -p zabbix < data.sql

3. Configure Zabbix server:

   cd /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf
   sudo vim zabbix_server.conf

   Replace the following configuration with your own:

   DBHost=localhost
   DBName=zabbix
   DBUser=zabbix
   DBPassword=password

4. Start Zabbix server:

   sudo /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server

5. Configure the Zabbix front end:
   Add the following configuration to /usr/local/etc/apache2/conf.d/zabbix.conf:

   Alias /zabbix /usr/local/share/zabbix
   <Directory "/usr/local/share/zabbix">
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
   </Directory>

Restart the Apache server:

sudo service apache2 restart

Visit http://your_server_ip/zabbix to enter the Zabbix management interface.

3. Add hosts and monitoring items
Setting monitoring items can monitor the running status of the system in real time.

1. Log in to the Zabbix management interface, click "Configuration" -> "Host" on the left to enter the host page.
2. Click "Create Host", fill in the host name and visible name, and select the template it belongs to.
3. Click the "Add" button and select the items to be monitored.
4. Configure monitoring item parameters, such as monitoring item type, key value, unit, etc., and click the "Add" button.
5. Configure triggers, set trigger conditions and alarm methods.
6. Save the configuration and start monitoring.

4. Set up high availability
In order to ensure the high availability of system monitoring, one server may not be able to meet the demand. It is recommended to use the master-slave mode for setup.

1. Configure the main server of Zabbix:
   Modify the configuration file of the main server:

   sudo vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf

   Set the Frontend parameter to the IP address of other Zabbix servers.

   Frontend="192.168.1.100"

2. Configure the Zabbix slave server:
   Modify the configuration file of the slave server:

   sudo vim /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf

   Set the DBHost parameter to the IP address of the master server.

   DBHost="192.168.1.200"

3. Start the Zabbix slave server:

   sudo /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server

Through the above configuration, the high-availability deployment of the master-slave mode of the Zabbix server is achieved.

Conclusion:
Through the above steps, we can set up high-availability system monitoring on Linux. Select appropriate monitoring software, install and configure the monitoring management interface, add hosts and monitoring items, and set up high availability. You can monitor the system operating status in real time and take corresponding measures in a timely manner when problems arise. This will greatly improve the availability and stability of the system.

Code examples:
Due to space limitations, this article only provides the main configuration steps and ideas, and does not include complete code examples. Readers can refer to official documents and community tutorials for more detailed configuration and operations based on the selected monitoring software.

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