How to configure network load balancing on Linux

How to configure network load balancing on Linux

Network load balancing is a technology that evenly distributes network traffic to multiple servers to improve system availability and scalability. On Linux systems, we can use some tools and techniques to achieve network load balancing. This article will introduce how to configure network load balancing on Linux and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Use IPVS to achieve network load balancing

IPVS (IP Virtual Server) is a module in the Linux kernel that can provide network load balancing functions. The following are the steps to configure IPVS:

1. To install the IPVS module and related tools, you can use the following commands to complete:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ipvsadm keepalived

2. To configure IPVS rules, you can use the following Command to add an IPVS rule:

sudo ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.1.100:80 -s rr
sudo ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.101:80 -m
sudo ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.102:80 -m

The above command will create an IPVS rule that will forward all requests with the incoming IP address 192.168.1.100 and destination port 80 to 192.168.1.101 and 192.168.1.102 .

3. Start the IPVS service. You can use the following command to start the IPVS service:

sudo service ipvs start

At this point, the IPVS configuration is complete. You can test the effect of load balancing by accessing 192.168.1.100:80.

2. Use NGINX to achieve network load balancing

NGINX is a powerful web server that can also be used to achieve network load balancing. The following are the steps to configure NGINX:

1. To install NGINX, you can use the following command to complete:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

2. To configure the NGINX reverse proxy, you can use the following command to Modify the NGINX configuration file:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/load_balancer.conf

Add the following content in the configuration file:

upstream backend {
    server 192.168.1.101:80;
    server 192.168.1.102:80;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

The above configuration will forward all requests to 192.168.1.101 and 192.168.1.102.

3. Restart the NGINX service. You can use the following command to restart the NGINX service:

sudo service nginx restart

At this point, the configuration of NGINX is complete. You can test the effect of load balancing by visiting http://localhost.

3. Use LVS to achieve network load balancing

LVS (Linux Virtual Server) is an open source project based on IPVS and has good performance and scalability. The following are the steps to configure LVS:

1. To install the LVS module and related tools, you can use the following commands to complete:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ipvsadm keepalived

2. To configure LVS rules, you can use the following Command to add an LVS rule:

sudo ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.1.100:80 -s rr
sudo ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.101:80 -g
sudo ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.1.100:80 -r 192.168.1.102:80 -g

The above command will create an LVS rule that forwards all incoming requests with IP address 192.168.1.100 and destination port 80 to 192.168.1.101 and 192.168.1.102 .

3. Start the LVS service. You can use the following command to start the LVS service:

sudo service lvs start

At this point, the LVS configuration is complete. You can test the effect of load balancing by accessing 192.168.1.100:80.

Summary

This article introduces three methods of configuring network load balancing on Linux systems: using IPVS, NGINX and LVS. No matter which method you choose, you need to install the appropriate software and tools and follow the corresponding steps to configure load balancing rules. The above code examples can help you understand and practice the process of load balancing configuration. I hope this article will help you configure network load balancing on your Linux system.

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