Table of Contents
Msimatch - Log In
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial php cookie使用方法学习笔记分享_PHP

php cookie使用方法学习笔记分享_PHP

Jun 01, 2016 am 11:58 AM
cookie php

PHP setcookie() 函数向客户端发送一个 HTTP cookie。cookie 是由服务器发送到浏览器的变量。cookie 通常是服务器嵌入到用户计算机中的小文本文件。每当计算机通过浏览器请求一个页面,就会发送这个 cookie。cookie 的名称指定为相同名称的变量。例如,如果被发送的 cookie 名为 "name",会自动创建名为 $user 的变量,包含 cookie 的值。

必须在任何其他输出发送前对 cookie 进行赋值。如果成功,则该函数返回 true,否则返回 false。

1 setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain, secure)
•name 必需。规定 cookie 的名称。
•value 必需。规定 cookie 的值。
•expire 可选。规定 cookie 的有效期。
•path 可选。规定 cookie 的服务器路径。
•domain 可选。规定 cookie 的域名。
•secure 可选。规定是否通过安全的 HTTPS 连接来传输 cookie。
可以通过 $HTTP_COOKIE_VARS["user"] 或 $_COOKIE["user"] 来访问名为 "user" 的 cookie 的值。在发送 cookie 时,cookie 的值会自动进行 URL 编码。接收时会进行 URL 解码。如果你不需要这样,可以使用 setrawcookie() 代替。

例,php设置和获取cookie

复制代码 代码如下:
setcookie('mycookie','value');

//函数原型:int setcookie(string name,string value,int expire,string path,string domain,int secure)
echo($mycookie);
echo($HTTP_COOKIE_VARS['mycookie']);
echo($_COOKIE['mycookie']);

删除Cookie

(1)调用只带有name参数的setcookie();
(2)使失效时间为time()或time-1;

复制代码 代码如下:

setcookie('mycookie');或setcookie('mycookie','');或setcookie("mycookie",false);
//setcookie('mycookie','',time()-3600);
echo($HTTP_COOKIE_VARS['mycookie']);
print_r($_COOKIE);

建议删除方法:

复制代码 代码如下:
setcookie('mycookie','',time()-3600);

PHP提供一个很好用的函数mktime()。
你只要按顺序传送给mktime()你希望表示的小时,分钟,秒数,月份,日期,及年份,
mktime()就会返回该日期自1970年1月1日的总秒数。
因此,如果需要模拟 Y2K 问题:

复制代码 代码如下:
$y2k = mktime(0,0,0,1,1,2000);
setcookie('name','value',$y2k);
setcookie('name', 'value', time+3600);
setcookie('name', 'value', $y2k, '~/myhome', '.domain.com');

获取COOKIE过期时间的办法

复制代码 代码如下:
$expire = time() + 86400; // 设置24小时的有效期
setcookie ("var_name", "var_value", $expire); // 设置一个名字为var_name的cookie,并制定了有效期
setcookie ("var_name_expire", $expire, $expire); // 再将过期时间设置进cookie以便你能够知道var_name的过期时间

注:

在发送 cookie 时,cookie 的值会自动进行 URL 编码。接收时会进行 URL 解码。
如果你不需要这样,可以使用 setrawcookie() 代替。


例,cookie来保存用户登录信息


1、数据库连接配置页面:connectvars.php

复制代码 代码如下:
//数据库的位置
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
//用户名
define('DB_USER', 'root');
//口令
define('DB_PASSWORD', '19900101');
//数据库名
define('DB_NAME','test') ;
?>

2、登录页面:logIn.php

复制代码 代码如下:
//插入连接数据库的相关信息
require_once 'connectvars.php';

$error_msg = "";
//判断用户是否已经设置cookie,如果未设置$_COOKIE['user_id']时,执行以下代码
if(!isset($_COOKIE['user_id'])){
    if(isset($_POST['submit'])){//判断用户是否提交登录表单,如果是则执行如下代码
        $dbc = mysqli_connect(DB_HOST,DB_USER,DB_PASSWORD,DB_NAME);
        $user_username = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($_POST['username']));
        $user_password = mysqli_real_escape_string($dbc,trim($_POST['password']));

        if(!empty($user_username)&&!empty($user_password)){
            //MySql中的SHA()函数用于对字符串进行单向加密
            $query = "SELECT user_id, username FROM mismatch_user WHERE username = '$user_username' AND "."password = SHA('$user_password')";
            //用用户名和密码进行查询
            $data = mysqli_query($dbc,$query);
            //若查到的记录正好为一条,则设置COOKIE,同时进行页面重定向
            if(mysqli_num_rows($data)==1){
                $row = mysqli_fetch_array($data);
                setcookie('user_id',$row['user_id']);
                setcookie('username',$row['username']);
                $home_url = 'loged.php';
                header('Location: '.$home_url);
            }else{//若查到的记录不对,则设置错误信息
                $error_msg = 'Sorry, you must enter a valid username and password to log in.';
            }
        }else{
            $error_msg = 'Sorry, you must enter a valid username and password to log in.';
        }
    }
}else{//如果用户已经登录,则直接跳转到已经登录页面
    $home_url = 'loged.php';
    header('Location: '.$home_url);
}
?>

   


        Mismatch - Log In
       
   
   
       

Msimatch - Log In


       
                if(empty($_COOKIE['user_id'])){
            echo '

'.$error_msg.'

';
        ?>
       
       

           

                Log In

               
               
                                value="" />
               

               
               
           

   
           

           
       

                }
        ?>
   

3、登入页面:loged.php

复制代码 代码如下:
//已登录页面,显示登录用户名
if(isset($_COOKIE['username'])){
    echo 'You are Logged as '.$_COOKIE['username'].'
';
    //点击“Log Out”,则转到logOut.php页面进行cookie的注销
    echo ' Log Out('.$_COOKIE['username'].')';
}
/**在已登录页面中,可以利用用户的cookie如$_COOKIE['username']、
 * $_COOKIE['user_id']对数据库进行查询,可以做好多好多事情*/
?>

4、注销cookie页面:logOut.php(注销后重定向到lonIn.php)

复制代码 代码如下:
/**cookies注销页面*/
if(isset($_COOKIE['user_id'])){
    //将各个cookie的到期时间设为过去的某个时间,使它们由系统删除,时间以秒为单位
    setcookie('user_id','',time()-3600);
    setcookie('username','',time()-3600);
}
//location首部使浏览器重定向到另一个页面
$home_url = 'logIn.php';
header('Location:'.$home_url);
?>

最后总结三点,大家必须留意

1: 设置cookie时的注意事项

在同一个页面中设置cookie,实际上是按从后往前的顺序进行的.如果要先删除一个cookie,再写入一个cookie,则必须先写写入语句,再写删除语句.否则会出现错误.

2: setcookie举例

简单的: setcookie("mycookie","value_of_mycookie");
带失效时间的: setcookie("withExpire","Expire_in_1_hour",time()+3600);
什么都有的:setcookie("FullCookie","Full_cookie_value",time+3600,"/forum","www.bitsCN.com",1);

3: cookie的一些特点

cookie是面向路径的.缺省path属性时,WEB服务器页会自动传递当前路径给浏览器.指定路径会强制服务器使用设置的路径.
在一个目录页面里设的cookie在另一个目录的页面里是看不到的.

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles