How to configure a CentOS system to protect the transmission and storage of sensitive data

How to configure CentOS system to protect the transmission and storage of sensitive data

With the development of the information age, data has become one of the most valuable assets of enterprises and individuals. However, with it comes data leakage and information security issues. In order to protect the transmission and storage of sensitive data, we need to carry out corresponding configurations and measures in the CentOS system.

1. Use encryption protocol for data transmission

The most vulnerable to attacks during data transmission is the interception and theft of data packets. Therefore, we need to use encryption protocols to protect the security of data transmission. The most common encryption protocol is SSL/TLS. In CentOS systems, we can use the OpenSSL library to implement encryption functions.

First, we need to install the OpenSSL library. Execute the following command in the terminal:

sudo yum install openssl

Next, we need to generate an SSL certificate. You can use the following command to generate a self-signed certificate:

openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365

Then, place the generated certificate files key.pem and cert.pem in the server's SSL directory.

Next, modify the server configuration file to support SSL connections. Execute the following command in the terminal to open the configuration file:

sudo vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf

Uncomment the following line:

SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /path/to/cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /path/to/key.pem

Save and exit the configuration file, and then restart the Apache server:

sudo systemctl restart httpd

Now, The server will use the SSL protocol for encrypted transmission.

2. Encryption protection of data storage

In addition to data transmission, we also need to store and encrypt sensitive data to prevent data leakage. In CentOS systems, we can use LUKS (Linux Unified Key Setup) to encrypt the disk.

First, we need to install the cryptsetup tool. Execute the following command in the terminal:

sudo yum install cryptsetup

Then, we can use the following command to create a LUKS encryption container:

sudo cryptsetup -y luksFormat /dev/sdX

Among them, /dev/sdX represents the disk to be encrypted. This command will prompt you to set the key and confirm the password.

Next, use the following command to map the LUKS container as a device:

sudo cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdX encrypted_device

This command will ask for the key to open the LUKS container and map it as encrypted_device.

Finally, use the following command to format the encrypted device and mount it:

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/encrypted_device
sudo mount /dev/mapper/encrypted_device /mnt/encrypted

Now you can store sensitive data in the /mnt/encrypted directory and files in this directory will be automatically encryption.

In order to automatically mount the LUKS encryption device when the system starts, we need to edit the /etc/crypttab file. Execute the following command in the terminal to open the file:

sudo vi /etc/crypttab

Add the following lines in the file:

encrypted_device    /dev/sdX    none    luks

Save and exit the file. Next, we need to edit the /etc/fstab file so that the device is automatically mounted on system startup. Execute the following command to open the file:

sudo vi /etc/fstab

Add the following lines to the file:

/dev/mapper/encrypted_device    /mnt/encrypted    ext4    defaults    0    0

Save and exit the file.

Now, when the system starts, the LUKS encrypted container will be automatically unlocked and mounted to the /mnt/encrypted directory.

Through the above CentOS system configuration, we can effectively protect the transmission and storage security of sensitive data. The encryption protocol can ensure the security of data during transmission, and the LUKS encryption container can protect the security of data during storage. These measures combined provide comprehensive protection for the security of sensitive data.

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