php-fpm process management skills and example analysis

PHP-FPM process management skills and example analysis

Overview:
In PHP web development, PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is a process manager responsible for processing data from the web server. ask. It uses an event-based model to manage PHP processes and provides more efficient request processing capabilities. This article will introduce some PHP-FPM process management skills and analyze them with examples.

1. Process pool adjustment skills:

1.1 Adjust the number of processes:
According to the server’s hardware configuration and load conditions, reasonably adjust the number of PHP-FPM processes to ensure full utilization Server resources. This can be achieved by modifying the pm.max_children parameter in the php-fpm.conf configuration file. Example:

pm.max_children = 50

1.2 Adjust the process pool mode:
PHP-FPM supports multiple process pool modes, including static, dynamic, on-demand, etc. Choose the appropriate mode according to actual needs. Example:

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 20

1.3 Process request queue:
When there are too many requests, PHP-FPM can relieve the load pressure according to the set process request queue length. Set the process request queue length by modifying the pm.max_requests parameter in the php-fpm.conf configuration file. Example:

pm.max_requests = 1000

2. Optimization skills:

2.1 Process reuse:
PHP-FPM uses process pool technology to reuse existing processes to handle new requests, thus Reduced overhead of creating new processes. Control the number of idle processes retained by setting the pm.max_spare_servers parameter in the php-fpm.conf configuration file. Example:

pm.max_spare_servers = 10

2.2 Process reuse:
Optimizing the process reuse mechanism of PHP-FPM can avoid frequent destruction and creation of new processes and improve request processing efficiency. Set the maximum number of requests for the process by setting the pm.max_requests parameter in the php-fpm.conf configuration file. Example:

pm.max_requests = 1000

2.3 Process timeout:
If the PHP-FPM process is inactive for a long time, you can control the request timeout by setting the request_terminate_timeout parameter in the php-fpm.conf configuration file, thereby releasing the inactive Active process. Example:

request_terminate_timeout = 60s

3. Example analysis:

Assume that our website has an average of 100 requests per second, and our server hardware configuration is good. We can adopt the dynamic process pool mode, limit the upper and lower limits of the process pool, and set the request queue length and the number of process reuses.

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 100
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 30
pm.max_requests = 1000

After this setting, our PHP-FPM process pool will maintain 20 running sub-processes. When the request volume increases, new sub-processes will be dynamically created to meet demand. When the request ends, the child process will be retained in the free process pool for next use. The process request queue length is 1000. When this length is exceeded, new requests will be rejected.

Through the above setting optimization, we can better utilize server resources, improve request processing efficiency, and improve user experience.

Conclusion:
This article introduces the process management skills of PHP-FPM and analyzes it with examples. By reasonably adjusting the number of processes, process pool mode, and optimizing process reuse and reuse mechanisms, the request processing capabilities of PHP-FPM can be improved to better cope with the pressure of a large number of requests. Of course, the configuration of PHP-FPM can be further adjusted and optimized according to the actual situation to meet different needs.

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