How to build a multi-criteria search function using Elasticsearch and PHP

How to use Elasticsearch and PHP to build multi-condition search functions

Introduction:
Elasticsearch is an open source distributed search and analysis engine that is often used to build powerful search functions. It enables fast and accurate searches and supports various types of queries. This article will introduce how to use Elasticsearch and PHP to build multi-condition search functions, and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Install and configure Elasticsearch:
   First, we need to install and configure Elasticsearch. You can download Elasticsearch from the official website and follow the instructions to install it. After the installation is complete, start Elasticsearch using the command line interface.
2. Install and configure the Elasticsearch PHP extension:
   Next, we need to install and configure the Elasticsearch PHP extension. Installing the Elasticsearch PHP extension is easy using Composer. Create a composer.json file in the root directory of the project and add the following content:

{
    "require": {
        "elasticsearch/elasticsearch": "^7.0"
    }
}

Then run the composer install command to install the Elasticsearch PHP extension.

3. Connect to Elasticsearch:
   In the PHP code, we need to establish a connection with Elasticsearch. First, introduce the namespace of the Elasticsearch PHP extension and create an Elasticsearch client object:

<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use ElasticsearchClientBuilder;

$hosts = [
    'http://localhost:9200' // Elasticsearch的访问地址
];

$client = ClientBuilder::create()->setHosts($hosts)->build();
?>

4. Create an index:
   Before performing a multi-condition search, we need to create an index, and add the data to the index. If you already have an existing index, you can skip this step.

First, define an index configuration and mapping. For example, we create an index called "articles" and define the "article" type and specify the types of the "title" and "content" fields:

<?php
$params = [
    'index' => 'articles',
    'body' => [
        'mappings' => [
            'properties' => [
                'title' => ['type' => 'text'],
                'content' => ['type' => 'text']
            ]
        ]
    ]
];

$response = $client->indices()->create($params);
?>

Then, add documents to the index. For example, we add a document titled "News":

<?php
$params = [
    'index' => 'articles',
    'body' => [
        'title' => '新闻',
        'content' => '这是一条新闻'
    ]
];

$response = $client->index($params);
?>

5. Perform a multi-criteria search:
   Now, we can perform a multi-criteria search. First, define a query that includes all search criteria. For example, we want to search for documents whose title contains "News" and whose content contains "International":

<?php
$params = [
    'index' => 'articles',
    'body' => [
        'query' => [
            'bool' => [
                'must' => [
                    ['match' => ['title' => '新闻']],
                    ['match' => ['content' => '国际']]
                ]
            ]
        ]
    ]
];

$response = $client->search($params);
?>

Finally, iterate through the search results and print out the title and content of each document:

<?php
foreach ($response['hits']['hits'] as $hit) {
    echo '标题：' . $hit['_source']['title'] . '<br>';
    echo '内容：' . $hit['_source']['content'] . '<br>';
    echo '----------------<br>';
}
?>

Conclusion:
Through the above steps, we can use Elasticsearch and PHP to build a multi-condition search function. First, install and configure Elasticsearch and the corresponding PHP extension; then, connect to Elasticsearch and create an index; finally, perform multi-condition search and process the search results.

Note: In order to ensure the accuracy and performance of the search, it is recommended to optimize the index before using multi-condition search, such as setting up a suitable word segmenter, building an index, etc.

Reference materials:

• Elasticsearch official documentation: https://www.elastic.co/guide/index.html
• Elasticsearch PHP official documentation: https: //www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/php-api/current/index.html

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