New GRPC extension introduced in PHP8.1

New GRPC extension introduced in PHP8.1

PHP is a widely used server-side scripting language that can dynamically generate web page content by interacting with the web server. In order to better meet the needs of modern service architecture, PHP8.1 version introduces a new GRPC extension, which further improves the performance and scalability of PHP. This article will introduce the basic concepts of GRPC extension and give some code examples to help readers better understand and apply this new feature.

1. Introduction to GRPC
GRPC is a high-performance, general-purpose open source RPC (remote procedure call) framework. RPC is a computer communication protocol that allows a program to directly call functions or methods on another computer without knowing the underlying network details. GRPC is based on Google's open source HTTP/2 protocol implementation and uses a binary transmission protocol with the following characteristics:

1. Efficient serialization and deserialization: GRPC uses Protocol Buffers as the default serialization mechanism. More efficient than text formats such as JSON and XML.
2. Reliable streaming: GRPC supports bidirectional streaming, enabling multiple independent requests and responses to be made simultaneously on a single network connection.
3. Multi-language support: GRPC supports multiple programming languages, including C, Java, Go, Python, etc.
4. Automation tools: GRPC provides a wealth of code generation tools that can generate client-side and server-side code for different programming languages.

2. Install the GRPC extension
Before starting to use GRPC, we first need to install the GRPC extension. In PHP8.1, support for the GRPC extension is provided by default. We can install it through the following steps:

1. Install the PHP8.1 version

2. Install the GRPC extension: use PECL The command to install the GRPC extension module is as follows:

   pecl install grpc

3. Enable the GRPC extension in the php.ini file: Add the following configuration to the php.ini file:

   extension=grpc

3. Use the GRPC extension
After the installation is completed, we can use the GRPC extension to make remote procedure calls. Below we give a simple example to illustrate how to use the GRPC extension.

1. Define the interface
   First, we need to define an interface file (.proto file) to describe the data structure and methods of the interface. For example, we define a Greeter interface, including a SayHello method:

   syntax = "proto3";
   
   service Greeter {
     rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloResponse) {}
   }
   
   message HelloRequest {
     string name = 1;
   }
   
   message HelloResponse {
     string message = 1;
   }

2. Generate code
   Next, we use the code generation tool provided by GRPC to generate the corresponding code based on the .proto file Client and server side code. First, we need to install the Protocol Buffers tool, and then execute the following command to generate code:

   protoc --php_out=./out --grpc_out=./out --plugin=protoc-gen-grpc=/usr/local/bin/grpc_php_plugin greeter.proto

   After executing the above command, an out directory will be generated containing the generated PHP code file.

3. Implementing the server side
   Next, we can implement the server side code. In the code, we need to implement the methods defined by the interface. For example:

   class GreeterImpl extends GreeterGreeterService
   {
    public function SayHello(GreeterHelloRequest $request): GreeterHelloResponse
    {
        $response = new GreeterHelloResponse();
        $response->setMessage("Hello, " . $request->getName());
        return $response;
    }
   }

4. Start the server
   We can start a GRPC server through the following code and listen to the specified port:

   $server = new SwooleServer('0.0.0.0', 50051, SWOOLE_PROCESS, SWOOLE_SOCK_TCP | SWOOLE_SSL);
   $server->set([
    'ssl_cert_file' => 'server.crt',
    'ssl_key_file' => 'server.key',
   ]);
   $server->on("start", function (SwooleServer $server) {
    echo "GRPC server is started at 0.0.0.0:50051
   ";
   });
   $server->on("receive", function (SwooleServer $server, $fd, $fromId, $data) {
    $server->send($fd, $data);
   });
   $server->start();

5. Client Call
   Finally, we can write a client code to call methods on the remote server over the network. For example:

   $client = new GreeterGreeterClient('127.0.0.1:50051');
   $request = new GreeterHelloRequest();
   $request->setName("PHP");
   $response = $client->SayHello($request);
   echo $response->getMessage();

Through the above code example, we can learn how to use the GRPC extension to make remote procedure calls in PHP8.1. GRPC extensions provide a more efficient and reliable remote communication method, helping to build modern distributed systems. In actual projects, we can flexibly use GRPC extensions to build a cross-language microservice architecture based on business needs.

Summary
GRPC extension is an important feature introduced in PHP8.1 version, which enables PHP to have more efficient and scalable RPC capabilities. Through code examples, we have understood the basic concepts and usage of GRPC extensions. We hope that readers can further learn and apply this new feature and improve their PHP development capabilities.

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