Use Deployer to implement blue-green deployment in PHP projects

Use Deployer to implement blue-green deployment in PHP projects

Introduction:
As the speed of software development continues to increase, frequent code releases have become common. Blue-green deployment is a deployment strategy used to reduce release outage time and reduce risk. Deployer is a simple and easy-to-use PHP deployment tool that can help us achieve automated blue-green deployment. This article will introduce how to use Deployer to implement blue-green deployment in PHP projects.

1. What is blue-green deployment?

Blue-green deployment is a development and release strategy that allows us to maintain two completely independent versions in the production environment at the same time. One version (blue) provides normal service, while the other version (green) is used for experimentation and testing of new versions. When the new version is verified to be correct, we can switch traffic to the green version to complete the release. This approach minimizes risk and disruption during the release process.

2. Introduction to Deployer

Deployer is a lightweight PHP deployment tool that simplifies the code release process. Deployer provides a set of built-in tasks and public methods that can help us perform common deployment operations. At the same time, Deployer also supports custom tasks and scripts, allowing us to expand according to needs.

3. Steps to use Deployer to implement blue-green deployment

1. Install Deployer

Use Composer to install Deployer:

composer require deployer/deployer --dev

2. Create deploy.php configuration file

Create deploy.php configuration file in the project root directory and add configuration information:

<?php
require 'recipe/common.php';

// 服务器配置
host('your_server_ip')
    ->user('your_user')
    ->set('deploy_path', '/path/to/deploy_directory');

// 项目设置
set('repository', 'your_git_repository');
set('branch', 'master');
set('keep_releases', 3);

3. Add blue and green deployment tasks

Achieve blue-green deployment function through custom tasks:

<?php
// 发布任务
task('deploy', [
    'deploy:info',
    'deploy:prepare',
    'deploy:lock',
    'deploy:release',
    'deploy:update_code',
    'deploy:shared',
    'deploy:vendors',
    'deploy:writable',
    'deploy:symlink',
    'deploy:unlock',
    'cleanup',
])->desc('Deploy your project');

// 蓝绿部署任务
task('blue_green:switch', function () {
    // 获取当前链接
    $link = run('readlink {{current_path}}');
    
    // 如果当前链接是蓝色版本，则切换到绿色版本
    if (strpos($link, 'blue') !== false) {
        run('ln -nfs {{deploy_path}}/releases/green {{deploy_path}}/current');
    } 
    // 如果当前链接是绿色版本，则切换到蓝色版本
    elseif (strpos($link, 'green') !== false) {
        run('ln -nfs {{deploy_path}}/releases/blue {{deploy_path}}/current');
    }
})->desc('Switch blue and green');

// 调用蓝绿部署任务
after('cleanup', 'blue_green:switch');

4. Execute deployment

Execute deployment command through command line:

dep deploy

So far, we have successfully implemented blue-green deployment in PHP projects using Deployer.

Conclusion:
Blue-green deployment is a strategy to reduce release risks and interruption time, and Deployer is a convenient PHP deployment tool that can help us achieve automated blue-green deployment. Through the above steps, we can easily implement blue-green deployment in PHP projects. I hope this article will help you understand and use Deployer.

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