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linux命令之调试工具strace的深入分析_PHP

Jun 01, 2016 pm 12:07 PM
linux

参考
1《linux的strace命令(详解).txt》 新浪电子书可下载
2man strace
一个基本上通用的 完整的用法:
strace -o output.txt -T -tt -e trace=all -p 28979
上面的含义是 跟踪28979进程的所有系统调用(-e trace=all),并统计系统调用的花费时间,以及开始时间(并以可视化的时分秒格式显示),最后将记录结果存在output.txt文件里面。
必须记住的几个用法
1)strace -p pid  可以跟踪某个后台进程
2)strace -o filename 把跟踪结果输出到文件
3)strace -T 记录每个系统调用花费的时间,可以看看哪个系统调用时间长
4)strace -t (或者 -tt)记录每个系统调用发生是的时间(时分秒的格式)
5)strace -s 1024 显示系统调用参数时,对于字符串显示的长度, 默认是32,如果字符串参数很长,很多信息显示不出来。
6)strace -e trace=nanosleep 只记录相关的系统调用信息。
    -e trace=network // 只记录和网络api相关的系统调用
    -e trace=file // 只记录涉及到文件名的系统调用
    -e trace=desc // 只记录涉及到文件句柄的系统调用
还有其他的包括process,ipc,signal等。
一个经典的,通过strace查看一个进程所有相关打开文件的排查过程,参考《linux的strace命令(详解).txt》 新浪电子书可下载
如果开发程序没有一个强大的工具相伴,那么开发效率会非常低,甚至遇到问题无从下手. 现在开始学习linux下的强大的调试工具strace,并记录于此.
strace
1)类似于windows下的processexp.exe
   可以监控系统调用
2)类似于windows下的depand工具
   可以检查程序的依赖库. 比linux下的ldd更强大.
   参考:strace命令用法 
   点击下载
   案例:
strace帮助我解决不知日志文件被打印到哪的问题.
   用strace跟踪server
   /usr/bin/strace -p pid -o out.file
   然后执行client端,然后结束strace,查看out.file 搜索write,open的系统调用
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