What character set does mysql generally use?

Mysql generally uses Latin1, UTF-8, and UTF-16 character sets. Detailed description: 1. Latin1, supports most Western language characters, but does not fully support all characters; 2. UTF-8, a variable-length character encoding method, can support all characters worldwide; 3 , UTF-16, a fixed-length 16-bit character encoding method that can support all characters worldwide.

The operating environment of this article: Windows 10 system, MySQL version 8.0.32, Dell g3 computer.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various web applications and enterprise-level applications. In MySQL, character set is a very important configuration option, which determines how the data stored in the database is encoded and parsed.

The character sets generally used by MySQL are as follows:

1. Latin1 (also known as ISO-8859-1) : Latin1 was the first used by MySQL Character set, which supports most Western language characters, including English, French, Spanish, etc. However, Latin1 does not fully support all characters. For example, non-Western language characters such as Chinese, Japanese, and Korean cannot be stored in the Latin1 character set.

2. UTF-8: UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding method that can support all characters worldwide, including characters in various languages, special symbols and emojis, etc. UTF-8 is currently the most commonly used character set and the recommended character set for use in MySQL.

3. UTF-16: UTF-16 is a fixed-length 16-bit character encoding method that can support all characters in the world, including various languages. characters, special symbols, emoticons, etc. UTF-16 takes up more storage space, but may be more efficient than UTF-8 in some special cases.

Choosing the correct character set is very important to ensure data integrity and consistency. In practice, using the UTF-8 character set is a good choice because it supports most languages ​​and ensures interoperability of data between different systems.

In MySQL, the character set can be configured in the following ways:

1. Specify the character set when creating the database: Can be used when creating the database" CREATE DATABASE" statement and specify the character set, such as "CREATE DATABASE mydatabase DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;"

2. Specify the character set when creating the data table: Can be used when creating the data table Use the "CREATE TABLE" statement and specify the character set, such as "CREATE TABLE mytable (column1 INT, column2 VARCHAR(50)) CHARACTER SET utf8;"

3. Modify the character set of an existing data table ：If the character set of an existing data table needs to be modified, you can use the "ALTER TABLE" statement and specify a new character set, such as "ALTER TABLE mytable CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8;"

Things to note Yes, the choice of character set not only affects data storage, but also affects data comparison, sorting, index creation and other operations. When selecting a character set, make a reasonable choice based on actual business needs and data characteristics, and make corresponding configurations at the database connection and application levels to ensure data consistency and reliability.

In short, UTF-8 is the most commonly used character set in MySQL and can support most characters worldwide. Correct selection of character sets and reasonable configuration are important steps to ensure correct storage and processing of data.

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