How does navigation parsing and matching work in Vue Router?

Vue Router is a plug-in officially provided by Vue.js, used to implement front-end routing functions. It can help us quickly build a single-page application (SPA) and realize jumps and navigation between pages. In Vue Router, navigation parsing and matching are very important links. Let’s introduce in detail how navigation parsing and matching are performed in Vue Router.

Principle of navigation parsing and matching

In Vue Router, navigation parsing and matching mainly include two steps: first, parse and extract the URL according to the browser address bar Extract information such as paths and parameters; then, match the extracted information with the routing configuration to determine the component to be rendered.

In Vue Router, the core of navigation parsing and matching is the VueRouter.prototype.match method. This method receives a RAW route object (i.e., an object used to describe a specific path in our application and component information to be rendered), and returns a route record that matches the current URL (i.e., a route record that contains path matching rules, components, etc. object). The following is a simple example:

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'

Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [
  { path: '/', component: Home },
  { path: '/about', component: About },
  { path: '/contact', component: Contact }
]

const router = new VueRouter({
  routes
})

const app = new Vue({
  router
}).$mount('#app')

In the above example, we install the plug-in through Vue.use(VueRouter), and then define a route named routesArray, each object in the array represents a routing configuration, including the path path and the corresponding component component. Next, we create a Vue Router instance and pass these routing configurations to it. Finally, we pass this Vue Router instance as the router option to the Vue instance for mounting.

The process of navigation parsing

When we navigate in the application, Vue Router will first parse the URL and obtain the path, parameters and other information. This parsing process is automatically triggered. We only need to mount the Vue Router instance as the router option of the Vue instance.

In the process of parsing the URL, Vue Router will use the browser's native API to obtain the URL. If the browser supports the history.pushState API, window.location.pathname will be used to obtain the URL path; if the browser does not support history.pushState, then window.location.hash will be used to obtain the URL path.

Route matching process

After parsing the URL, Vue Router will perform route matching on the parsed path. Route matching is implemented through the VueRouter.prototype.match method.

During the route matching process, Vue Router will traverse the routing configuration array routes and match each routing configuration in it. The matching process is based on the path. Vue Router will match the parsed URL path according to the defined path rules. If the match is successful, the component corresponding to the routing configuration will be returned. If all routing configurations are not matched successfully, an empty routing record will be returned.

Matching of routing parameters

In the process of routing matching, if the defined path rules contain parameters, Vue Router will extract the parameter values ​​in the parsed path as components The properties are passed to the corresponding components.

For example, if we define a path rule as /user/:id, it represents the user’s details page, where :id represents the user’s ID. We can get this ID value through this.$route.params.id.

Summary

Navigation parsing and matching in Vue Router is achieved by parsing the URL and matching it with the routing configuration. During the process of parsing the URL, Vue Router will automatically obtain the URL in the browser address bar, and then match it according to the defined routing configuration to determine the component to be rendered. Among them, path matching is performed based on the path. If the path contains parameters, the parameters will be passed to the corresponding component.

Vue Router's navigation parsing and matching functions are very powerful and flexible, and can meet our various front-end routing needs. Through reasonable utilization and flexible application, we can build complex and maintainable single-page applications.

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