How to use context to implement request logging in Go
How to use context to implement request logging in Go
Logging is an important component when developing web applications. It helps developers track application behavior, troubleshoot issues, and monitor system health. In the Go language, we can use the context
package in the standard library to implement the request logging function.
context
package provides a way to pass request-scoped data to functions and methods. In a web application, each request creates a context.Context
object, which contains request-related information, such as request method, path, IP address, etc. By passing context.Context
objects to different functions and methods, we can easily record request logs.
Let’s look at an example below to show how to use the context
package to implement the request logging function.
package main import ( "fmt" "log" "net/http" "time" "context" ) func middleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler { return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { start := time.Now() // 创建一个新的context对象,并将原有的context作为父context ctx := context.WithValue(r.Context(), "start_time", start) // 将新的context传递给下一个处理函数 next.ServeHTTP(w, r.WithContext(ctx)) elapsed := time.Since(start) log.Printf("请求路径:%s 请求时间:%s", r.URL.Path, elapsed) }) } func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { start := r.Context().Value("start_time").(time.Time) elapsed := time.Since(start) // 模拟处理请求的耗时 time.Sleep(time.Second) fmt.Fprintf(w, "请求处理时间:%s", elapsed) } func main() { mux := http.NewServeMux() mux.HandleFunc("/", handler) loggedMux := middleware(mux) log.Println("服务启动,监听端口8080") http.ListenAndServe(":8080", loggedMux) }
In the above code, we define a middleware function named middleware
. The middleware function receives a http.Handler
object as a parameter and returns a new http.Handler
object. In the middleware function, we obtain the requested context.Context
object by calling the r.Context()
method, and create a new one using the context.WithValue
method context.Context
object, and use the original context as the parent context. We then pass the new context.Context
object to the next handler function.
In the handler
function, we can save it before getting it from the context.Context
object by calling the r.Context().Value
method. The request start time, and then calculate the processing time of the request.
Finally, in the main
function, we create a http.ServeMux
object and register the handler
function to the root path. We then create a new middleware object by calling the middleware
function and passing it as a parameter to the http.ListenAndServe
method.
Through the implementation of the above code, we can see the path and processing time of each request in the log, which facilitates our request logging and monitoring.
Summary
Using the context
package can easily implement the request logging function. By creating and passing context.Context
objects, we can obtain and use request-related data in different functions and methods. This allows us to better track and log the behavior of requests, as well as troubleshoot issues and monitor the health of the system.
The above is the detailed content of How to use context to implement request logging in Go. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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