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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial URL rewriting technology for PHP and CGI: how to achieve a friendly link structure

URL rewriting technology for PHP and CGI: how to achieve a friendly link structure

Jul 22, 2023 pm 02:07 PM
php cgi url rewriting technology

PHP和CGI的URL重写技术:如何实现友好的链接结构

近年来,网站开发趋向于实现友好的链接结构,以提升用户体验和搜索引擎优化。URL重写技术是实现友好链接的重要手段之一。本文将介绍PHP和CGI两种常见的URL重写方式,并提供示例代码。

一、PHP的URL重写技术

PHP是一种广泛使用的服务器脚本语言,可以通过.htaccess文件或Apache的Rewrite模块实现URL重写。

  1. 开启Apache的Rewrite模块并创建.htaccess文件

首先,在Apache的配置文件httpd.conf中找到以下代码行:

#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
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去掉代码行前面的注释符号“#”并保存,即可开启Rewrite模块。

然后,在待重写的目录下创建.htaccess文件,并添加以下代码:

RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule ^/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)$ index.php?id=$1
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这个例子中,当用户访问http://example.com/abc123时,实际上是访问http://example.com/index.php?id=abc123。

  1. 在PHP中解析重写后的URL

在PHP脚本中,我们可以解析重写后的URL并根据需要进行相应的处理。示例代码如下:

<?php
$id = $_GET['id'];
// 根据$id进行对应的操作
?>

3. URL重写的优点和注意事项

URL重写技术的优点有:

- 提升用户体验:友好的URL结构更易于用户理解和记忆。
- 改善搜索引擎优化:有意义和静态的URL更受搜索引擎青睐。

在使用URL重写技术时需要注意以下几点:

- 确保服务器支持Rewrite模块。
- 正确设置.htaccess文件的权限,以避免出现权限问题。
- 谨慎处理重写后的URL,避免安全风险。

二、CGI的URL重写技术

CGI(公共网关接口)是常用于Web服务器的一种标准接口,可以通过服务器配置文件实现URL重写。

1. 修改IIS服务器的配置文件

对于使用IIS服务器的CGI网站,我们需要做以下操作。

首先,打开IIS管理器,找到所需重写的网站,并点击“配置”按钮。

然后,在“虚拟目录”选项卡中找到“扩展约束”并点击“添加”按钮。

接下来,在“扩展路径”中输入ISAPI模块的路径,比如:"C:phpphp-cgi.exe"。

最后,点击“请求路径”中的“限制”按钮,并确保“所有Verbs”选项被选中。

2. 在CGI脚本中解析重写后的URL

如果成功进行了URL重写,那么在CGI脚本中可以获取到重写后的URL。示例代码如下:
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include

include

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {

char *id = getenv("QUERY_STRING");
// 根据id进行对应的操作
return 0;
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}

3. URL重写的优点和注意事项

CGI的URL重写技术与PHP的URL重写技术类似,具有相同的优点和注意事项。

综上所述,PHP和CGI都是常见的服务器脚本语言,在实现友好链接时都可以使用URL重写技术。无论是使用.htaccess文件还是修改服务器配置文件,只需进行简单的配置和代码编写,就能够实现友好和静态的URL结构,提升用户体验和搜索引擎优化效果。当然,在使用URL重写技术时,我们也需要注意安全性和服务器的兼容性。
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