What is the ibd file in mysql

The ibd file in mysql is the table space file of the InnoDB storage engine, used to store data and indexes. Each InnoDB table will correspond to one or more .ibd files, which contain: 1. Table Data, including the row data of the table; 2. Indexes, including the primary key index and auxiliary index of the table; 3. MVCC data, used to support the transaction isolation level of the database.

Operating system for this tutorial: Windows 10 system, MySQL 8 version, Dell G3 computer.

In MySQL, IBD files are table space files of the InnoDB storage engine, used to store data and indexes. Each InnoDB table corresponds to one or more .ibd files, which contain the table's data and index information.

IBD files are stored in the data subdirectory under the database directory and are named according to the table name and table space ID, such as table_name.ibd. They are binary files, stored using InnoDB's own format.

Each InnoDB table has at least one main tablespace file, which contains the table's data and indexes. In addition to the main table space file, there may be additional .ibd files when the table contains auxiliary indexes, LOB (Large Object) data, or full-text indexes.

The IBD file of an InnoDB table contains the following content:

• Data of the table: including the row data of the table.

• Index: includes the primary key index and auxiliary index of the table.

• MVCC (Multi-Version Concurrency Control) data: Used to support the transaction isolation level of the database.

IBD files play an important role in MySQL. They are where data and indexes are actually stored on disk, supporting the transaction security and concurrency control features provided by the InnoDB storage engine. When database backup, recovery or migration, IBD files also need to be processed together.

Please note that directly operating and modifying IBD files is not recommended. Database tables should be managed and operated through MySQL commands and management tools.

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