How to implement API versioning in FastAPI

How to implement API version control in FastAPI

Introduction:
With the rapid development of software development, API version control has become more and more important. As our applications continue to evolve and improve, we often need to make updates and modifications to the API. This requires us to be able to smoothly introduce new API versions without affecting the old versions. In this article, we will discuss how to implement API versioning in FastAPI.

FastAPI is a modern web framework based on Python that provides fast, simple and easy-to-use API development tools. Implementing API versioning in FastAPI can be achieved in a variety of ways, and we will introduce two commonly used methods.

Method 1: URL version control

A common way to implement API version control is to distinguish different versions through URLs. We can add the version number to the URL and handle different versions of API requests in the code based on the incoming URL parameters. The following is a sample code using URL versioning:

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/v1/items/")
async def read_v1_items():
    return {"message": "This is version 1 of the API"}

@app.get("/v2/items/")
async def read_v2_items():
    return {"message": "This is version 2 of the API"}

In the above code, we created two routing functions read_v1_items and read_v2_items to handle versions respectively API requests for versions 1 and 2. By adding the version number in the URL, we can easily differentiate between different versions of the API.

Method 2: Request header version control

Another commonly used method to implement API version control is to specify the version number through the request header. We can add a custom Accept-Version or API-Version field in the request header, and handle different versions of API requests based on the request header in the code. Here is a sample code using request header versioning:

from fastapi import FastAPI, Header

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(version: str = Header(...)):
    if version == "1.0":
        return {"message": "This is version 1.0 of the API"}
    elif version == "2.0":
        return {"message": "This is version 2.0 of the API"}
    else:
        return {"message": "Unsupported version"}

In the above code, we added the version parameter in the read_items routing function to receive the request The version number in the header. According to different version numbers, we can return corresponding API responses.

Summary:
In this article, we introduced two common methods to implement API version control in FastAPI. Through URL versioning and request header versioning, we can easily implement different versions of the API. As our applications continue to evolve, API versioning will become an indispensable and important feature that guarantees compatibility with older versions and introduces new features and improvements. I hope this article can help you understand how to implement API versioning in FastAPI.

Reference materials:

• FastAPI official documentation: https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/
• FastAPI Workshop: https://github.com/thinkingmachines /fastapi-workshop

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