How to optimize database query statements through thinkorm to reduce network transmission

How to optimize database query statements to reduce network transmission through thinkorm

Introduction:
thinkorm is an open source PHP ORM library, which provides a convenient and concise way to operate the database. During the development process, we often encounter the problem of long network transmission time due to low efficiency of database queries. This article will introduce how to optimize database query statements and reduce network transmission time through thinkorm.

Installing and configuring thinkorm:
First, we need to install the thinkorm library. It can be installed through composer and execute the following command:

composer require topthink/think-orm

After the installation is completed, we need to configure the database connection information in the application configuration file, for example, add the following content to config/database.php:

return [
    // 数据库类型
    'type'            => 'mysql',
    // 数据库连接DSN配置
    'dsn'             => '',
    // 服务器地址
    'hostname'        => '127.0.0.1',
    // 数据库名
    'database'        => 'database_name',
    // 数据库用户名
    'username'        => 'root',
    // 数据库密码
    'password'        => 'password',
    // 数据库连接端口
    'hostport'        => '3306',
    // 数据库连接参数
    'params'          => [],
    // 数据库编码默认采用utf8
    'charset'         => 'utf8',
    // 数据库表前缀
    'prefix'          => '',
    // 数据库调试模式
    'debug'           => false,
    // 数据库部署方式:0 集中式(单一服务器),1 分布式(主从服务器)
    'deploy'          => 0,
    // 数据库读写是否分离 主从式有效
    'rw_separate'     => false,
    // 读写分离后 主服务器数量
    'master_num'      => 1,
    // 指定从服务器序号
    'slave_no'        => '',
    // 是否严格检查字段是否存在
    'fields_strict'   => true,
    // 数据集返回类型
    'resultset_type'  => 'array',
    // 自动写入时间戳字段
    'auto_timestamp'  => false,
    // 时间字段取出后的默认时间格式
    'datetime_format' => 'Y-m-d H:i:s',
    // 是否需要进行SQL性能分析
    'sql_explain'     => false,
];

Optimizing query statements:
Next, we will use several examples to show how to use thinkorm to optimize query statements and reduce network transmission time.

1. Use the select method to select the columns to be queried:
   By default, when we use the find or select method to query data, all columns will be returned. But in fact, we may only need data from certain columns. Therefore, we can use the select method to specify the columns to be queried, thereby reducing the amount of data transmitted over the network.

// 查询id为1的用户的姓名和邮箱
$user = Db::table('user')->where('id', 1)->select('name,email')->find();

2. Use the join method for related queries:
   In some scenarios, we need to query related data from multiple data tables. At this time, we can use the join method to perform associated queries to avoid querying the database multiple times.

// 查询用户的订单信息
$order = Db::table('order')->alias('o')
    ->join('user u', 'o.user_id = u.id')
    ->field('o.order_id, o.create_time, u.name')
    ->where('u.id', 1)
    ->select();

3. Use the limit method to limit the number of query result sets:
   Sometimes, we only need to query the first few pieces of data, not all the data. In this case, we can use the limit method to limit the number of query result sets, thereby reducing the amount of data transmitted over the network.

// 查询前10条订单信息
$orders = Db::table('order')->limit(10)->select();

4. Use the cache method to cache query results:
   If the queried data will not change within a period of time, we can use the cache method to cache the query results. In this way, when querying for the second time, the results can be obtained directly from the cache without querying the database again.

// 查询id为1的用户并缓存结果
$user = Db::table('user')->where('id', 1)->cache(true)->find();

// 第二次查询时从缓存中获取结果
$user = Db::table('user')->where('id', 1)->cache(true)->find();

Summary:
Through the above examples, we can find that using thinkorm can easily optimize database query statements and reduce network transmission time. By selecting the columns to be queried, correlating queries, limiting the number of query result sets, and caching query results, we can improve database query efficiency and reduce unnecessary network transmission. Therefore, during the development process, we can make full use of the optimization functions provided by thinkorm to improve system performance and user experience.

Reference link:

1. thinkorm official documentation: https://github.com/top-think/think-orm/

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